Table 1.
Input Parameters for Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile Infection, Cure, and Recurrence With Recommended Treatments
| Parameter | Probability | Range or 95% CI | Source(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Epidemiology of CDI | Range (±15%) | ||
| Probability of nonsevere infection | 0.33 | 0.26–0.36 | … |
| Probability of severe infection | 0.43 | 0.34–0.46 | [21] |
| Probability of fulminant infection | 0.23 | 0.18–0.24 | [21] |
| Medication outcomes | |||
| Initial infection: nonsevere | 95% CI | ||
| Cure after vancomycin (10 d) | 0.898 | .861–.928 | [6, 26, 27] |
| Cure after fidaxomicin (10 d) | 0.917 | .879–.945 | [6, 27] |
| Cure after metronidazole (10 d) | 0.783 | .709–.846 | [26, 28] |
| Recur after vancomycin (10 d) | 0.215 | .170–.265 | [6, 26, 27] |
| Recur after fidaxomicin (10 d) | 0.134 | .093–.184 | [6, 27] |
| Recur after metronidazole (10 d) | 0.208 | .159–.264 | [26, 28] |
| Initial infection: severe | |||
| Cure after vancomycin (10 d) | 0.846 | .791–.892 | [6, 26, 27] |
| Cure after fidaxomicin (10 d) | 0.800 | .733–.857 | [6, 27] |
| Recur after vancomycin (10 d) | 0.253 | .191–.322 | [6, 26, 27] |
| Recur after fidaxomicin (10 d) | 0.114 | .067–.179 | [6, 27] |
| Initial infection: fulminant | |||
| Cure after vancomycin 500 mg + IV metronidazole (14 d) | 0.515 | .438–.592 | [29, 30] |
| Recur after vancomycin + IV metronidazole (14 d) | 0.253 | .191–.322 | [6, 26, 27] |
| Death after medical treatment for fulminant infection | 0.485 | .397–.551 | [29, 30] |
| Colectomy survival for fulminant infection | 0.660 | .561–.759 | [31] |
| First recurrence | |||
| Cure after vancomycin taper | 0.916 | .834–.965 | [32] |
| Cure after fidaxomicin (10 d) | 0.937 | .858–.979 | [32] |
| Recur after vancomycin taper | 0.355 | .237–.487 | [32] |
| Recur after fidaxomicin | 0.197 | .109–.313 | [32] |
| Second or subsequent recurrence | |||
| Cure after vancomycin taper | 0.690 | .492–.847 | [33] |
| Cure after fidaxomicin (10 d) | 0.816 | .657–.923 | [34] |
| Cure after vancomycin + rifaximin | 0.848 | .681–.949 | [35] |
| Cure after FMT (endoscopic) | 0.896 | .863–.924 | [36–45] |
| Cure after FMT (capsule) | 0.913 | .876–.941 | [42, 45–48] |
| Recur after vancomycin taper | 0.310 | .153–.508 | [33] |
| Recur after fidaxomicin | 0.290 | .246–.333 | [34] |
| Recur after vancomycin + rifaximin | 0.151 | .051–.319 | [35, 49] |
| Recur after FMT (endoscopic) | 0.113 | .085–.147 | [36–45] |
| Recur after FMT (capsule) | 0.087 | .059–.124 | [42, 45–48] |
Abbreviations: CDI, Clostridioides difficile infection; FMT, fecal microbiota transplantation; IV, intravenous.