Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics According to Age of Effective Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation
| Parameter | Group 1 (n = 10) | Group 2 (n = 30) | Group 3 (n = 29) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current age, in years | 10.1 (8.4, 13.2) | 15.7 (13.1, 17.6) | 17.0 (14.4, 18.1) | <.001 |
| Biological sex, % male | 30.0% | 50.0% | 72.4% | .04 |
| Ethnicity/race | … | … | … | .50 |
| African/Caribbean/Black | 55.6% | 62.1% | 44.8% | … |
| White | 22.2% | 17.2% | 13.8% | … |
| Indigenous | 11.1% | 6.9% | 27.6% | … |
| Other | 11.1% | 13.7% | 13.7% | … |
| Canadian born, % | 100% | 40% | 72.4% | .001 |
| CDC clinical category, worsta | … | … | … | .19 |
| None/mild, N/A | 71.5% | 58.3% | 24.0% | … |
| Moderate, B | 14.3% | 16.7% | 36.0% | … |
| AIDS defining conditions, C | 14.3% | 25.0% | 40.0% | … |
| CDC immunological category, worsta | … | … | … | .18 |
| No suppression | 57.1% | 24.0% | 34.6% | … |
| Moderate suppression | 42.9% | 48.0% | 26.9% | … |
| Severe suppression | … | 28.0% | 38.5% | … |
| Current ART | … | … | … | .80 |
| NNRTI-based cART | 30.0% | 48.3% | 40.7% | … |
| PI-based cART | 50.0% | 34.5% | 33.3% | … |
| INSTI-based cARTb | 20.0% | 17.2% | 25.9% | … |
| Current CD4 count, cells/µL | 841 (533, 1145) | 670 (510, 839) | 640 (510, 773) | .29 |
| Current CD4% | 38.0 (36.0, 42.0) | 36.5 (32.0, 41.0) | 36.0 (32.0, 40.0) | .55 |
| CD4% nadir | 24.5 (18.0, 32.0) | 21.5 (12.0, 29.0) | 19.0 (12.0, 25.0) | .15 |
| Viral load peak, log | 5.02 (4.83, 5.70) | 4.95 (4.12, 5.63) | 5.67 (4.99, 5.90) | .03 |
| Virologic blips | 20.0% | 56.7% | 34.5% | .07 |
| Age at start of effective cART, years | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | 3.2 (1.5, 5.4) | 6.8 (3.2, 8.7) | <.001 |
| Age at SVS, years | 0.8 (0.4, 1.4) | 4.3 (2.2, 6.4) | 8.5 (3.7, 9.5) | <.001 |
| Duration of SVS, years | 8.7 (7.2, 10.3) | 10.5 (7.5, 13.8) | 8.0 (6.3, 10.1) | .04 |
| Proportion of life on effective cART | 0.98 (0.95, 0.99) | 0.82 (0.62, 0.89) | 0.65 (0.53, 0.84) | <.001 |
| Proportion of life with SVS | 0.94 (0.83, 0.97) | 0.74 (0.53, 0.83) | 0.57 (0.47, 0.77) | <.001 |
Group 1 had effective cART initiated at <6 months of life, with SVS on the first cART regimen; Group 2 had effective cART initiated at ≥6 months of life with SVS on the initial regimen; Group 3 failed at least 1 cART regimen, but later achieved SVS on another regimen. Results are shown as medians with IQRs for continuous variables and as proportions for categorical variables.
Abbreviations: AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; INSTI, integrase strand transfer inhibitor; IQR, interquartile range; NNRTI, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI, protease inhibitor; SVS, sustained virologic suppression.
aThe worst CDC clinical category was unknown for 13 cases and the worst immunologic category was unknown for 11 cases.
bIncludes children on INSTI + NRTI and INSTI + PI + NRTI.