Table 3.

Correlates of Human Immunodeficiency Virus–1 (HIV-1) Reservoir Size in Peripheral Blood and Quantitative HIV-1 Serology

Variable	HIV-1 DNA		Cell-free HIV-1 RNA		HIV-1 Serology
	Rho	P Value	Rho	P Value	Rho	P Value
Age at cART initiation, years	0.52	<.001	0.26	.036	0.63	<.001
Age at SVS, years	0.44	.002	0.25	.038	0.65	<.001
Duration of SVS, years	−0.12	.35	−0.08	.54	−0.32	.008
Proportion of life on effective cART	−0.51	<.001	−0.32	.01	−0.66	<.001
Proportion of life with SVS	−0.41	<.001	−0.21	.079	−0.68	<.001
HIV serology (S/CO)	0.34	.005	0.21	.089	…	…

The values shown are adjusted for biological sex. All other variables considered for the adjusted analysis—including country of birth (Canada vs elsewhere), CD4 nadir, peak VL, and virologic blips—were highly correlated with other predictor variables depicted in the table and, therefore, not included in the model. In the univariate analysis, “current CD4 count” was significantly associated with HIV-1 serology (rho = 0.28; P = .022); in the adjusted analysis this significance was lost (rho = 0.21; P = .088).

Abbreviations: cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus–1; rho, Spearman partial correlation coefficient; S/CO, signal-to-cutoff ratio; SVS, sustained virologic suppression.