Table 1. Baseline characteristics.
| Total (n = 429) | No PMTR (n = 387) | PMTR (n = 42) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||
| Age, years | 67.0 ± 12.8 | 66.7 ± 13.0 | 70.3 ± 10.4 | 0.078 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 176 (41.0) | 164 (42.4) | 12 (28.6) | 0.118 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.2 ± 3.5 | 24.2 ± 3.5 | 23.9 ± 3.5 | 0.580 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 256 (59.7) | 226 (58.4) | 30 (71.4) | 0.142 |
| Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 104 (24.2) | 91 (23.5) | 13 (31.0) | 0.380 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 131 (30.5) | 114 (29.5) | 17 (40.5) | 0.195 |
| CAD, n (%) | 53 (12.4) | 47 (12.1) | 6 (14.3) | 0.878 |
| Open-heart surgery, n (%) | 71 (16.6) | 57 (14.7) | 14 (33.3) | 0.004 |
| MV surgery | 21 (4.9) | 16 (4.1) | 5 (11.9) | 0.066 |
| AV surgery | 43 (10.0) | 35 (9.0) | 8 (19.0) | 0.075 |
| CABG | 8 (1.9) | 6 (1.6) | 2 (4.8) | 0.389 |
| Others | 11 (2.6) | 10 (2.6) | 1 (2.4) | >.999 |
| Pacemaker data | ||||
| V pacing percentage, % | 61.1 ± 42.5 | 61.5 ± 42.8 | 57.5 ± 40.3 | 0.571 |
| Indication | ||||
| AV node disease, n (%) | 264 (61.5) | 238 (61.5) | 26 (61.9) | >.999 |
| Sinus node disease, n (%) | 165 (38.5) | 149 (38.5) | 16 (38.1) | >.999 |
| Mode | ||||
| DDD, n (%) | 348 (81.1) | 322 (83.2) | 26 (61.9) | 0.002 |
| VDD, n (%) | 7 (1.6) | 7 (1.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.812 |
| VVI, n (%) | 25 (5.8) | 17 (4.4) | 8 (19.0) | < .001 |
| Echocardiographic data | ||||
| LVEF, % | 65.6 ± 9.6 | 65.7 ± 9.5 | 65.2 ± 10.2 | 0.770 |
| LA volume index, ml/m2 | 43.3 ± 17.8 | 43.3 ± 17.6 | 43.7 ± 19.9 | 0.902 |
| RVEDA, cm | 18.8 ± 7.3 | 19.0 ± 7.6 | 17.0 ± 4.2 | 0.008 |
| RVESA, cm | 10.2 ± 3.7 | 10.3 ± 3.8 | 9.3 ± 2.8 | 0.048 |
| RVFAC, % | 45.8 ± 9.0 | 45.8 ± 9.1 | 45.0 ± 8.9 | 0.568 |
| TVAD, mm | 29.5 ± 4.6 | 29.5 ± 4.6 | 29.5 ± 4.0 | 0.951 |
| TVAD/BSA, mm/m2 | 18.1 ± 3.1 | 18.0 ± 3.1 | 18.3 ± 2.9 | 0.531 |
| RVSP, mmHg | 33.2 ± 12.6 | 33.4 ± 13.0 | 31.5 ± 9.1 | 0.224 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation | 0.398 | |||
| No, n (%) | 287 (66.9) | 255 (65.9) | 32 (76.2) | |
| Grade 1, n (%) | 110 (25.6) | 102 (26.4) | 8 (19.0) | |
| Grade 2, n (%) | 32 (7.5) | 30 (7.8) | 2 (4.8) |
PMTR, pacemaker-related tricuspid regurgitation; CAD, coronary artery disease; MV, mitral valve; AV, aortic valve; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; AVB, Atrioventricular block; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LA, left atrium; RVEDA, right ventricular end-diastole area; RVESA, right ventricular end-systole area; TVAD, tricuspid valve annular diameter; BSA, body surface area; RVSP, right ventricular systolic pressure.