Table 3.
Bivariate and Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors of HBV Infection in Southwest Ethiopia
| Variables | Seroprevalence of HBsAg | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative N (%) | Positive N (%) | |||
| Tattooing of gums | ||||
| Yes | 78 (78) | 22 (22) | 4.1 (2.3–7.4)* | 23.9 (2.2–26.3)* |
| No | 479 (93.6) | 33 (6.4) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Tattooing on body | ||||
| Yes | 218 (82.6) | 46 (17.4) | 7.9 (3.8–16.6)* | 6.8 (1.1–43.1)* |
| No | 339 (97.4) | 9 (2.6) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Body piercing | ||||
| Yes | 96 (73.3) | 35 (26.7) | 8.4 (4.6–15.2)* | 5.2 (0.2–109.3) |
| No | 461 (95.8) | 20 (4.2) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Uvulectomy | ||||
| Yes | 73 (76.8) | 22 (23.2) | 4.4 (0.4–7.9) | 4.3 (0.4–46.1) |
| No | 484 (93.6) | 33 (6.4) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Ever shaved at barbershop | ||||
| Yes | 173 (86.1) | 28 (13.9) | 2.3 (0.3–4.0) | 2.9 (0.1–61.4) |
| No | 384 (93.4) | 27 (6.6) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Contact with a jaundiced person | ||||
| Yes | 4(10.8) | 33 (89.2) | 13.6 (7.8–54.1)* | 20.7 (6.7–63.7)* |
| No | 553 (96.2) | 22 (3.8) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| History of circumcision | ||||
| Yes | 188 (84.7) | 34 (15.3) | 3.2 (1.8–5.7)* | 1.5 (0.05–38.9) |
| No | 369 (94.6) | 21 (5.4) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Dental extraction at home | ||||
| Yes | 6 (13) | 40 (87) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| No | 551 (97.3) | 15 (2.7) | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 2.0 (1.0–4.1) |
| History of hospitalization | ||||
| Yes | 15 (62.5) | 9 (37.5) | 7.1 (2.9–17.0)* | 1.1 (0.1–10.8) |
| No | 542 (92.2) | 46 (7.8) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Dental extraction at health institutions | ||||
| Yes | 10 (71.4) | 4 (28.6) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| No | 547 (91.5) | 51 (8.5) | 1.2 (1.1–3.8) | 3.2 (0.1–160.8) |
| Catheterization | ||||
| Yes | 4 (30.8) | 9 (69.2) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| No | 553 (62.3) | 46 (7.7) | 1.0 (1.0–3.1) | 0.3 (0.01–6.5) |
| Alcohol drinking or drugs/substances utilization | ||||
| Yes | 293 (88.8) | 37 (11.2) | 1.8 (0.01–3.3) | 6.48 (0.1–38.6) |
| No | 264 (93.6) | 18 (6.4) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Unprotected sexual behavior (inconsistent or no use of a condom) | ||||
| Yes | 305 (87.6) | 43 (12.4) | 3.0 (1.5–5.8)* | 0.1 (0.01–1.3) |
| No | 252 (95.5) | 12 (4.5) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| Ever smoke cigarette | ||||
| Yes | 8 (26.7) | 22 (73.3) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
| No | 549 (64.3) | 33 (5.7) | 1.0 (0.05–13.0) | 0.1 (0.01–1.8) |
| Sharing of sharp personal items | ||||
| Yes | 9 (26.5) | 25 (73.5) | 4.0 (2.0–10.0)* | 1.0 (0.04–2.5) |
| No | 548 (94.8) | 30 (5.2) | 1.00+ | 1.00+ |
Notes: *Significant, +Reference category.
Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.