Table 4.
Comparison of ZBI, HADS and WHOQOL-BREF scores between male and female caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and alcohol use disorder.
| Alcohol use disorder | Schizophrenia | |||||||
| Male caregivers | Female caregivers | U value/t value | P value | Male caregivers | Female caregivers | U value/t value | P value | |
| n=11 | n=39 | n=30 | n=20 | |||||
| ZBI score | 34.36 (28.2) | 53.17 (21.0) | 2.42* | 0.01* | 41.06 (22.9) | 51.65 (19.6) | 198.5 | 0.04 |
| HADS score | ||||||||
| Depression | 9.63 (7.7) | 14.3 (5.1) | 135 | 0.06 | 10.2 (6.1) | 12.6 (5.7) | 1.39* | 0.17* |
| Anxiety | 8.90 (6.4) | 13.7 (5.4) | 2.52* | 0.01* | 9.96 (6.0) | 13.5 (5.0) | 183 | 0.02 |
| WHOQOL-BREF score | ||||||||
| Physical health | 60.71 (12.0) | 45.78 (13.9) | 3.21* | 0.002* | 52.38 (13.8) | 44.28 (17.4) | 1.83* | 0.07* |
| Psychological health | 64.01 (17.9) | 42.30 (18.6) | 3.44* | 0.001* | 51.80 (21.0) | 43.33 (19.7) | 1.43* | 0.15* |
| Social relationships | 66.66 (32.7) | 42.09 (28.3) | 128 | 0.04 | 59.06 (25.9) | 43.1 (24.8) | 1.57* | 0.12* |
| Environmental health | 75.85 (23.8) | 41.90 (22.0) | 4.43* | <0.001* | 41.06 (22.9) | 51.65 (19.6) | 2.16* | 0.03* |
Data are presented as mean (SD).
*Denotes that data followed the normality test and so are interpreted by unpaired t-test, and thus t value has been mentioned, while the rest of the groups were compared by Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05 is considered statistically significant.
HADS, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale; WHOQOL-BREF, WHO Quality of Life-BREF; ZBI, Zarit Burden Interview.