Table 2.
Univariate statistical analysis of all plasma samples (Down syndrome (DS), n = 129; healthy control (CTRL), n = 46).
| Metabolites | DS (median) | CTRL (median) | DS/CTRL median | p-value | p-value after FDR Correction |
| Leucine | 0.00344507 | 0.003570211 | 0.96 | 0.1372 | 0.2658 |
| Isoleucine | 0.00040417 | 0.000429518 | 0.94 | 0.0794 | 0.1797 |
| Valine | 0.00352026 | 0.003575671 | 0.98 | 0.2910 | 0.4748 |
| Alanine | 0.00475446 | 0.004815092 | 0.99 | 0.4072 | 0.5460 |
| Acetate | 0.00089010 | 0.000736686 | 1.21 | 0.0086 | 0.0443 |
| Pyruvate | 0.00222810 | 0.002017161 | 1.10 | 0.0110 | 0.0485 |
| Acetone | 0.00057313 | 0.000491021 | 1.17 | 0.0461 | 0.1190 |
| Glutamine | 0.00628499 | 0.006405399 | 0.98 | 0.8455 | 0.8455 |
| Citrate | 0.00041200 | 0.000393842 | 1.05 | 0.3132 | 0.4855 |
| Glycine | 0.00210159 | 0.002229647 | 0.94 | 0.4507 | 0.5589 |
| Creatine | 0.00115954 | 0.001007514 | 1.15 | 0.0002 | 0.0018 |
| Creatinine | 0.00041121 | 0.000458047 | 0.90 | 0.0812 | 0.1797 |
| Lactate | 0.00396610 | 0.003596582 | 1.10 | 0.1983 | 0.3616 |
| Glucose | 0.02785484 | 0.027973926 | 1.00 | 0.6730 | 0.7194 |
| Mannose | 7.778E-05 | 8.34062E-05 | 0.93 | 0.6267 | 0.7011 |
| Tyrosine | 0.00059000 | 0.000668668 | 0.88 | 0.0184 | 0.0651 |
| Histidine | 0.00031190 | 0.000349493 | 0.89 | 0.0189 | 0.0651 |
| Phenylalanine | 0.00035077 | 0.000352009 | 1.00 | 0.4818 | 0.5745 |
| Formate | 0.00020871 | 0.000183081 | 1.14 | 0.0085 | 0.0443 |
| Fumarate | 0.00001230 | 1.15222E-05 | 1.07 | 0.4227 | 0.5460 |
| Threonine | 0.00019038 | 0.000220489 | 0.86 | 0.0315 | 0.0880 |
| Lysine | 0.00047591 | 0.000466559 | 1.02 | 0.8111 | 0.8382 |
| Acetatoacetate | 0.00027010 | 0.000167440 | 1.61* | 0.0241 | 0.0746 |
| Methionine | 0.00079102 | 0.000732161 | 1.08 | 0.0924 | 0.1909 |
| unk1 | 0.00006890 | 8.40005E-05 | 0.82 | 0.0039 | 0.0305 |
| unk2 | 5.3121E-05 | 4.60515E-05 | 1.15 | 0.2154 | 0.3709 |
| unk3 | 0.00099389 | 0.000691254 | 1.44* | 0.0000001 | 0.0000009 |
| 3-hydroxybutyrate | 0.00041516 | 0.000380792 | 1.09 | 0.4091 | 0.5460 |
| Succinate | 0.00006360 | 4.63183E-05 | 1.37* | 0.000001 | 0.000009 |
| 2-hydroxybutyrate | 0.00010237 | 7.38223E-05 | 1.39* | 0.6333 | 0.7013 |
| Proline | 0.00025393 | 0.000246843 | 1.03 | 0.4188 | 0.5460 |
The table contains the list of metabolites analyzed with NMR. We reported both p-value of the univariate Wilcoxon test and p-value after FDR correction for each metabolite. Metabolites that show significant concentration differences in the two groups (p-value < 0.05) and/or show values in the interval next to 3:2 are reported in bold. *Values in the interval next to 3:2 (range 1.3–1.7).