Table 1.
No. | X1: ratio KUM-DB to water (w/v) | X2: extraction temperature (°C) | X3: extraction time (min) | Yield (%) | IC50 value (mg/mL) | FRAP (µM Fe2+/g) |
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
DPPH | ABTS | ||||||
1 | 1:10 | 30 | 40 | 1.61 ± 0.04 cd | 3.3 ± 0.6ab | 4.9 ± 0.3ab | 180 ± 20b |
2 | 1:30 | 30 | 40 | 3.26 ± 0.01b | 3.1 ± 0.2ab | 4.1 ± 0.4bc | 180 ± 10b |
3 | 1:10 | 70 | 40 | 3.1 ± 0.6b | 2.9 ± 0.1b | 4.34 ± 0.01b | 180 ± 10b |
4 | 1:30 | 70 | 40 | 3.2 ± 0.7b | 2.98 ± 0.05b | 5.6 ± 0.4a | 174 ± 3 cd |
5 | 1:10 | 50 | 20 | 2.3 ± 0.3c | 1.8 ± 0.1d | 3.7 ± 0.2c | 196 ± 4a |
6 | 1:30 | 50 | 20 | 3.5 ± 0.9ab | 1.84 ± 0.05d | 3.74 ± 0.01c | 196 ± 2a |
7 | 1:10 | 50 | 60 | 2.7 ± 0.6bc | 5.20 ± 0.04a | 5.11 ± 0.04a | 170 ± 10b |
8 | 1:30 | 50 | 60 | 3.4 ± 0.3ab | 5.2 ± 0.1a | 5.5 ± 0.2a | 180 ± 3ab |
9 | 1:20 | 30 | 20 | 1.15 ± 0.01d | 1.2 ± 0.1d | 2.54 ± 0.02d | 187 ± 1a |
10 | 1:20 | 70 | 20 | 4.3 ± 0.4a | 1.3 ± 0.1d | 2.8 ± 0.1d | 200 ± 10a |
11 | 1:20 | 30 | 60 | 3.8 ± 0.3a | 4.2 ± 0.2ab | 4.1 ± 0.3bc | 180 ± 10b |
12 | 1:20 | 70 | 60 | 3.82 ± 0.03a | 6.0 ± 0.2a | 4.35 ± 0.01b | 166 ± 1d |
13 | 1:20 | 50 | 40 | 3.9 ± 0.2a | 2.42 ± 0.01c | 2.5 ± 0.1d | 180 ± 10b |
14 | 1:20 | 50 | 40 | 3.4 ± 0.6ab | 2.2 ± 0.2 cd | 2.53 ± 0.02d | 190 ± 10a |
15 | 1:20 | 50 | 40 | 3.4 ± 0.2ab | 2.69 ± 0.03c | 3.5 ± 0.1c | 190 ± 10a |
Data show as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). The different letters in the same column mean significant differences (p ≤ 0.05).