Table 3.
Median, geometric mean, and 95% confidence interval of BPA and As metabolites among all participants, cases with diabetes, and controls without diabetes, Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe (n = 276, SD, 2010–2011).
| Variable | n | % detected | Median (range) | Geometric mean (95% CI) | p valuea |
| Bisphenol A (ug/L) (BPA) | 0.90 | ||||
| Total | 276 | 86 | 1.90 (< LOD–64.30) | 1.83 (1.62–2.07) | |
| Cases | 138 | 89 | 1.90 (< LOD–64.30) | 1.90 (1.61–2.24) | |
| Controls | 138 | 83 | 1.85 (< LOD–35.40) | 1.77 (1.47–2.13) | |
| Urinary total arsenic (ug/L) (UTAS) | 0.51 | ||||
| Total | 276 | 88 | 4.15 (< LOD–44.51) | 3.89 (3.51–4.31) | |
| Cases | 138 | 90 | 4.41 (< LOD–44.51) | 4.12 (3.58–4.75) | |
| Controls | 138 | 86 | 3.95 (< LOD–33.85) | 3.68 (3.17–4.27) | |
| Urinary dimethylarsenic acid (ug/L) (UDMA) | 0.21 | ||||
| Total | 117b | 97 | 4.97 (< LOD–21.60) | 5.27 (4.82–5.76) | |
| Cases | 63 | 97 | 4.83 (< LOD–13.50) | 5.21 (4.60–5.90) | |
| Controls | 54 | 98 | 5.10 (< LOD–21.60) | 5.34 (4.68–6.08) | |
| Urinary creatinine (ug/L) | 0.63 | ||||
| Total | 276 | 100 | 103.7 (3.58–436.68) | 86.47 (77.76–96.15) | |
| Cases | 138 | 100 | 98.70 (3.58–75.53) | 86.72 (75.00–100.30) | |
| Controls | 138 | 100 | 107.61 (7.65–436.68) | 86.22 (73.71–100.80) | |
ap values are from paired t tests comparing geometric means between cases and controls
bArsenic speciation and metabolite analyses conducted on samples with UTAS greater than 5 ug/L