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. 2020 Jun 26;10:10495. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65341-1

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Radiographic assessment. Four sagittal planes at the C3 and C4 segments were reconstructed with 2-mm slice thickness. The interface between the implant and vertical bone on each plane was divided into 1, 2 and 3 zones for the degree of fusion status. The scoring criteria were described by van Dijk and graded as follows: 0= pseudoarthrosis; 1= ingrowth of bone with the strut securely fixed to vertebral bone above and below, but with a radiolucent discontinuity in the fusion mass; 2= arthrodesis with solid bone bridging the fusion area. The total points for each sample was 24 points.