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. 2020 Jan 29;45(3):187–194. doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjaa002

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Figure 5. — LPS-induced TNF protein secretion. Levels of secreted TNF proteins in the culture medium were measured by ELISA. Isolated lingual epithelia in culture medium (left), cultured taste organoids (middle), and cultured Raw264.7 cells were treated with LPS (1 µg/mL in culture medium) for indicated time periods. NT, nontaste lingual epithelia. TE, taste epithelia containing circumvallate and foliate taste buds. For the lingual epithelium experiment (left), samples of lingual epithelia without LPS treatment (NT Medium and TE Medium) were also included for comparison. N = 2–3 per time point.