Table 1.
Characteristics of patients and tumors with atrial extension.
| Case 1 | Case 2 | Case 3 | Case 4 | Case 5 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | M | F | M | F | M |
| Age | 59 | 41 | 72 | 60 | 62 |
| ECOG status | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| GFR (mL/min) | 68.6 | 46.4 | 58.2 | 36.8 | 76.2 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.3 | 17.8 | 28.9 | 25.3 | 28.6 |
| Lesion side | Right | Right | Right | Left | Left |
| Tumor size (cm) | 6.5 | 30 | 10 | 18 | 10.2 |
| TNM | pT3cN0M1 | pT4N0M1 | pT3cN0M0 | pT3cN0M0 | pT3cN0M0 |
| Metastasis localization | Lungs | Lungs | − | − | |
| Symptoms | Hematuria | Weight loss Weakness Pain |
Hematuria Dyspnea Lower extremity swelling |
Hematuria Weakness |
Hematuria |
| Heart failure | − | − | + | + | − |
| LVEF (%) | 55 | 57 | 48 | 44 | 56 |
| Blood clot below tumor thrombus | − | + | + | − | − |
| Thrombus maximal diameter (mm) | 32 | 38 | 63 | 17 | 13 |
| Thrombus atrial part (mm) | Length-35 Width-30 |
Length-15 Width-12 |
Length-10 Width-10 |
Length-10 Width-12 |
Length-30 Width-10 |
| Complete blood flow block in the IVC | + | + | + | − | − |
| Tumor invasion into the IVC wall | − | + | + | + | − |
| Follow-up (months) | 14 | 15 | 9 | 8 | 16 |