Table 2.
Odds associated with having a WHODAS score above the median of the background population.
| Univariate odds ratio | Multivariable odds ratio | |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive function | ||
| Normal | 1 | 1 |
| Mild cognitive impairment | 5.23 (95% CI 1.97–13.91, p = 0.001) | 5.31 (95% CI 1.91–14.76, p = 0.001) |
| Dementia | 7.66 (95% CI 3.18–18.60, p < 0.001) | 5.93 (95% CI 2.35–14.98, p < 0.001) |
| Education | ||
| Some formal education | 1 | 1 |
| No formal education | 2.88 (95% CI 1.68–4.94, p < 0.001) | 3.30 (95% CI 1.81–6.01, p < 0.001) |
| Age band (years) | ||
| 70–74 | 1 | – |
| 75–79 | 1.30 (95% CI 0.65–2.58, p = 0.455) | – |
| 80–84 | 2.31 (95% CI 1.04–5.16, p = 0.041) | – |
| 85 and over | 3.43 (95% CI 1.69–6.97, p = 0.001) | – |
| Gender | ||
| Male | 1 | – |
| Female | 1.75 (95% CI 1.02–3.00, p = 0.042) | – |
| Self-reported hearing problem which interferes with life activities | ||
| No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 2.63 (95% CI 1.30–5.31, p = 0.007) | 2.22 (95% CI 1.03–4.79, p = 0.042) |
| Self-reported eyesight problem which interferes with life activities | ||
| No | 1 | – |
| Yes | 1.55 (95% CI 0.92–2.63, p = 0.102) | – |
| Unable to walk without the use of an aid | ||
| No | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 9.07 (95% CI 2.14–38.42, p = 0.003) | 7.38 (95% CI 1.64–33.15, p = 0.009) |