Table 3.
Results of antibiotic resistance results obtained by the VITEK 2 system and strain characterization by microarray. mecA is the methicillin resistance gene; blaZ, blaI, blaR are â-lactamase resistance genes; fosB is a resistance gene for phosphomycin and bleomycin; Q6GD50 is a putative gene for fusidic acid resistance; ermC is an erythromycin and clindamycin resistance gene; sat is a streptothricin resistance gene; far1 is a fusidic acid resistance gene; tetK is a tetracycline resistance gene. MLSB = inducible clindamycin resistance; PVL = Panton–Valentine leukocidin; tsst-1 = toxic shock syndrome toxin 1; agr = accessory gene regulator; EDIN-B = epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor B.
| Strain Type | No. of isolates (% of total; n = 29) | VITEK® 2 | Microarray | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antibiotic Resistance | Antibiotic Resistance genes | PVL | TSST-1 | Entero-toxins | Remarks | ||
| CC5-MRSA-IV (Maltese Clone); agr group II | 16 (55.2%) | Oxacillin, Fusidic Acid, Streptogramins | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, fosB, Q6GD50 | Neg | Pos | A, C, L, egc-cluster | |
| 1 (3.4%) | Fusidic Acid, Streptogramins | mecA, fosB, Q6GD50 | Neg | Neg | A, egc-cluster | ||
| 2 (6.8%) | Fusidic Acid, Streptogramins | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, fosB, Q6GD50 | Neg | Pos | A, C, L, egc-cluster | ||
| 1 (3.4%) | N/A | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, fosB, Q6GD50 | Neg | Pos | A, C, L, egc-cluster | ||
| 1 (3.4%) | N/A | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, fosB, Q6GD50 | Neg | Neg | A, ecg-cluster | ||
| CC22-MRSA-IV (Barnim/UK-EMRSA-15); agr group I | 1 (3.4%) | Oxacillin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Fusidic Acid, Streptogramins, Vancomycin-intermediate | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, Q6GD50, ermC | Neg | Neg | C, L, egc-cluster | |
| 1 (3.4%) | Oxacillin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Streptogramins | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, | Neg | Neg | C, L, egc-cluster | ||
| 1 (3.4%) | Oxacillin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Streptogramins | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, | Neg | Neg | B, C, L, egc-cluster | ||
| 2 (6.8%) | Oxacillin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin-intermediate, Streptogramins | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, | Neg | Neg | B, C, L, egc-cluster | ||
| ST6-MRSA-IV (WA-MRSA-51); agr group I | 1 (3.4%) | Oxacillin, Erythromycin, Clindamycin, MLSB inducible | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, ermC; sat, fosB | Neg | Neg | A | |
| CC80-MRSA-IV; agr group III | 1 (3.4%) | Oxacillin, Tetracycline, Fusidic Acid, Streptogramins | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, aphA, sat, far1, tetK | Neg | Neg | Neg | Other toxins: exfoliative toxin D, EDIN-B |
| CC50 (New Strain); agr group IV | 1 (3.4%) | Oxacillin, Fusidic Acid, Streptogramins | mecA, blaZ, blaI, blaR, Q6GD50 | Neg | Neg | ecg-cluster | |