Table 3.
Exposure to media and advertisement of tobacco products, smoking cessation and dependency.
| Countries and areas | Saw actors smoking on TV, in videos, or in movies % (95% CI) | Saw ads for cigarettes on billboards in past month % (95% CI) | Current smokers who tried to stop during the past year % (95% CI) | Current smokers who have or feel like having a cigarette first thing in the morning % (95% CI) | Current smokers who usually buy their cigarettes in a store and were not refused purchase because of their age % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan, 2004 | 83.1 (78.5–86.7) | 65.4 (60.0–70.4) | 50.0 (21.5–78.6) | 28.0 (7.3–66.0) | 33.8 (14.0–71.9) |
| Bahrain, 2001 | 93.2 (91.8–94.4) | 78.8 (76.6–80.9) | 39.9 (32.0–48.4) | 44.1 (36.0–52.6) | 43.2 (35.2–51.7) |
| Djibouti, 2003 | 76.9 (73.9–79.8) | 73.4 (70.2–76.3) | 44.8 (31.0–59.4) | 39.1 (26.1–53.8) | 46.3 (32.4–60.8) |
| Egypt, 2001 | 89.3 (87.4–91.0) | 71.8 (69.1–74.4) | 37.7 (25.0–52.3) | 33.3 (21.4–47.8) | 56.1 (41.7–69.6) |
| Egypt, 2005 | 89.5 (88.2–90.7) | 57.6 (55.6–59.6) | 43.3 (33.6–53.5) | 30.6 (22.1–40.8) | 44.3 (34.4–54.7) |
| Gaza Strip, 2000 | 88.1 (86.3–89.6) | 71.5 (69.2–73.6) | 45.1 (35.6–55.1) | 23.1 (15.9–32.2) | 55.4 (45.5–65.0) |
| Gaza Strip, 2005 | 79.9 (77.7–82.1) | 72.7 (70.2–75.1) | 38.2 (28.1–49.4) | 10.3 (5.5–18.6) | 49.1 (38.2–60.1) |
| Iran, 2003 | 90.4 (89.4–91.3) | 53.3 (51.7–54.9) | 34.7 (24.4–46.6) | 24.3 (15.5–36.1) | 54.8 (42.9–66.1) |
| Iran, 2007 | 91.4 (89.5–93.1) | 55.8 (52.5–59.0) | 36.4 (20.9–55.4) | 20.1 (9.0–39.0) | 50.6 (31.8–69.2) |
| Iraq, 2006 | 72.7 (69.7–75.6) | 44.3 (41.1–47.6) | 37.1 (27.7–47.7) | 35.6 (26.3–46.1) | 59.5 (49.1–69.1) |
| Iraq, 2008 | 76.1 (74.2–77.9) | 67.9 (65.8–69.9) | 34.3 (23.2–47.5) | 13.4 (7.1–23.7) | 48.9 (35.8–62.1) |
| Jordan, 1999 | 85.0 (83.6–86.3) | 64.6 (62.8–66.4) | 41.1 (36.3–46.1) | 21.8 (17.9–26.3) | 42.0 (37.1–47.2) |
| Jordan, 2003 | 83.2 (81.7–84.7) | 73.4 (71.6–75.1) | 39.6 (34.6–44.8) | 37.3 (32.5–42.5) | 54.6 (49.4–59.7) |
| Jordan, 2007 | 84.6 (82.6–86.4) | 72.0 (69.6–74.3) | 34.4 (26.5–43.2) | 22.9 (16.4–31.0) | 52.3 (43.6–60.8) |
| Kuwait, 2001 | 92.9 (92.1–93.7) | 83.8 (82.6–84.9) | 11.2 (8.3–15.0) | 39.4 (34.5–44.6) | 53.6 (48.4–58.7) |
| Kuwait, 2005 | 93.6 (92.6–94.5) | 82.8 (81.2–84.2) | 47.3 (41.0–53.7) | 8.1 (5.2–12.5) | 55.0 (48.5–61.3) |
| Lebanon, 2001 | 94.9 (94.1–95.7) | Not asked | 32.3 (26.0–39.4) | 25.5 (19.8–32.3) | 58.1 (50.9–65.0) |
| Lebanon, 2005 | 97.0 (96.2–97.6) | 88.4 (87.0–89.7) | 32.7 (25.8–40.4) | 22.9 (17.0–30.1) | 44.0 (36.5–51.8) |
| Libya, 2003 | 82.5 (80.2–84.6) | 54.6 (51.7–57.5) | 47.3 (32.7–62.4) | 2.1 (0.3–14.1) | 34.7 (23.9–52.4) |
| Libya, 2007 | 80.6 (78.2–82.8) | 63.3 (60.4–66.1) | 30.7 (17.4–48.3) | 30.1 (18.1–45.6) | 45.8 (17.5–48.9) |
| Morocco, 2001 | 88.5 (87.0–89.8) | 49.6 (47.4–51.8) | 31.6 (19.6–46.6) | 37.1 (23.9–52.5) | 31.5 (19.5–46.6) |
| Morocco, 2006 | 90.0 (88.5–91.3) | 58.1 (55.9–60.3) | 24.9 (15.5–37.6) | 24.1 (14.6–37.0) | 48.1 (35.0–61.4) |
| Oman, 2002 | 84.8 (82.4–86.9) | 62.8 (59.7–65.7) | 28.5 (18.4–41.2) | 41.5 (30.1–53.9) | 60.1 (47.4–71.6) |
| Pakistan, 2003 | 80.6 (78.6–82.5) | 80.5 (78.5–82.4) | 61.6 (31.3–84.9) | 3.2 (0.6–15.1) | 52.4 (22.9–80.3) |
| Pakistan, 2004 (Kasur) | 55.3 (52.6–57.9) | 71.7 (69.2–74.2) | 57.4 (30.5–80.5) | 0 | 34.1 (13.4–63.4) |
| Pakistan, 2004 (Quetta) | 72.7 (69.6–75.6) | 71.3 (68.2–74.2) | 34.6 (7.7–77.2) | 0 | 24.9 (3.5–75.2) |
| Pakistan, 2004 (Peshawar) | 64.4 (61.4–67.2) | 65.1 (62.1–68.0) | 44.3 (13.1–80.8) | 46.5 (13.1–83.3) | 46.4 (13.9–82.3) |
| Pakistan, 2008 | 75.8 (72.5–78.9) | 57.3 (53.4–61.1) | 59.4 (23.3–87.6) | 14.5 (2.3–54.1) | 73.2 (33.7–93.6) |
| Qatar, 2004 | 88.6 (87.2–89.9) | 71.0 (69.1–72.9) | 36.9 (29.0–45.6) | 20.8 (14.6–28.7) | 50.7 (41.9–59.3) |
| Qatar, 2007 | 88.5 (86.3–90.4) | 70.2 (67.0–73.2) | 32.6 (21.4–46.1) | 15.3 (8.1–27.1) | 58.1 (44.1–70.9) |
| Saudi Arabia, 2001** | 80.2 (77.7–82.5) | 63.6 (60.6–66.5) | 49.3 (35.4–63.3) | 26.0 (15.4–40.5) | 55.5 (40.7–69.4) |
| Saudi Arabia, 2007 | 83.8 (82.3–85.2) | 60.9 (58.9–62.8) | 42.2 (34.5–50.2) | 40.2 (32.6–48.3) | 53.5 (45.5–61.3) |
| Somalia, 2004 | 53.0 (47.6–58.3) | 80.0 (75.3–84.0) | 33.8 (21.0–49.4) | 23.4 (12.7–39.0) | 15.9 (7.4–30.9) |
| Somalia, 2007 | 57.0 (53.7–60.3) | 76.0 (73.0–78.8) | 30.2 (16.7–48.3) | 18.4 (8.9–34.1) | 30.9 (18.1–47.6) |
| Sudan, 2001 | 85.7 (83.9–87.4) | 56.5 (53.9–58.9) | 33.0 (22.7–45.2) | 33.2 (22.7–45.6) | 43.7 (31.9–56.3) |
| Sudan, 2005 | 86.3 (84.5–87.8) | 51.5 (49.3–53.7) | 33.0 (25.4–41.7) | 23.4 (16.3–32.3) | 29.7 (22.2–––38.5) |
| Syria, 2002 | 88.0 (86.7–89.1) | 63.0 (61.3–64.7) | 45.1 (38.1–52.2) | 25.6 (19.8–32.4) | 43.1 (36.2–50.3) |
| Syria, 2007 | 90.6 (89.0–92.0) | 59.2 (56.6–61.7) | 34.2 (27.6–41.6) | 25.8 (20.0–32.8) | 36.7 (29.9–44.1) |
| Tunisia, 2001 | 94.6 (93.7–95.3) | 61.8 (60.0–63.6) | 36.5 (31.4–41.9) | 10.8 (7.6–15.1) | 58.0 (52.4––63.3) |
| Tunisia, 2007 | 95.1 (93.8–96.1) | 64.5 (61.9–66.9) | 40.0 (31.2–49.4) | 1.7 (0.4––6.9) | 48.5 (39.1––57.9) |
| UAE, 2002 | 86.2 (84.5–87.7) | 75.7 (73.7–77.6) | 36.0 (28.0–44.9) | 26.8 (19.4–35.8) | 46.4 (29.7–46.8) |
| UAE, 2005 | 89.8 (89.1–90.5) | 69.2 (68.2–70.3) | 36.7 (32.7–40.8) | 29.1 (25.4–33.0) | 34.9 (31.2–39.0) |
| West Bank, 2000 | 87.6 (86.5–88.6) | 68.9 (67.4–70.3) | 46.0 (41.5–50.6) | 20.5 (17.1–24.4) | 47.8 (43.3–52.4) |
| West Bank, 2005 | 87.5 (85.5–89.2) | 70.6 (67.9–73.1) | 40.5 (34.0–47.3) | 9.6 (6.4–14.2) | 44.1 (37.5–50.9) |
| Yemen, 2003 | 82.0 (81.2–82.9) | 80.4 (79.5–81.3) | 46.2 (41.0–51.5) | 0.4 (0.1–2.5) | 41.9 (36.9–47.1) |
| Yemen, 2008 | 63.8 (59.7–63.6) | 61.5 (57.4–65.4) | 26.1 (10.9–50.6) | 0 | 37.0 (16.2–64.0) |
**
Only boys were included in the survey.