Table 3.

Multivariate analysis: risk factors for lung cancer by stepwise forward logistic regression.

Variables retained in the model for femalesa	ORa	95% CI	p-Value	Nagelkerke R square
Use of fuel for heating	9.76	2.15–44.30	0.003	0.402
Cigarette smoking	9.12	1.81–46.00	0.007
Variables retained in the model for malesb
Cigarette smoking	156.98	5.90–417.4	0.003	0.684
Living near a generator	13.26	1.85–95.04	0.010
Low fruit and vegetable consumption	10.54	1.76–63.24	0.010
Family history of cancer	8.75	1.22–63.03	0.031

^aVariables included but not retained in the model: age, waterpipe smoking, residence, occupational exposure, living near a road, living near a generator, fruits and vegetables consumption, exposure to passive smoking at home, exposure to passive smoking at work, having respiratory problems, having a respiratory problem during childhood, family history of respiratory disease, family history of cancer and family history of lung cancer.

^bVariables included but not retained in the model: age, waterpipe smoking, residence, occupational exposure, living near a road, use of fuel for heating, exposure to passive smoking at home, exposure to passive smoking at work, having respiratory problems, having a respiratory problem during childhood, family history of respiratory disease and family history of lung cancer.