Table 3.
Risk factors for adverse treatment outcomes: univariate analysis.
| Rates of adverse outcomes per 100 PYAR* | Any adverse outcome | Default | Death | Treatment failure | Shift to Category IV | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rate per 100 PYAR (95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI) | Rate per 100 PYAR (95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI) | Rate per 100 PYAR (95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI) | Rate per 100 PYAR (95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI) | Rate per 100 PYAR (95% CI) | Rate ratio (95% CI) | |
| Age group, y | ||||||||||
| 0–29+ (100.87 PYǂ) | 17.84 (10.57–28.20) | 1 | 5.95 (2.17–12.95) | 1 | 7.93 (3.42–15.63) | 1 | 1.98 (0.22–7.16) | 1 | 1.98 (0.22–7.16) | 1 |
| 30–44 (77.83 PY) | 29.55 (18.73–44.34) | 1.66 (0.89–3.11) | 14.13 (7.05–25.29) | 2.38 (0.88–6.94) | 10.28 (4.42–20.25) | 1.30 (0.47–3.58) | 3.85 (0.77–11.26) | 1.94 (0.29–16.35) | 1.29 (0.02–7.15) | 0.65 (0.02–8.52) |
| 45–59 (38.54 PY) | 57.08 (35.76–86.43) | 3.20 (1.71–6.05) | 36.33 (19.84–60.95) | 6.11 (2.39–17.27) | 15.57 (5.69–33.89) | 1.96 (0.64–5.79) | 5.19 (0.58–18.74) | 2.62 (0.27–25.14) | 0 | 0 (0–9.09) |
| ≥60 (43.48 PY) | 50.60 (31.70–76.61) | 2.84 (1.51–5.36) | 29.90 (15.91–51.13) | 5.03 (1.94–14.35) | 16.10 (6.45–33.17) | 2.03 (0.70–5.77) | 4.60 (0.52–16.61) | 2.32 (0.24–22.28) | 0 | 0 (0–8.06) |
| Sex | ||||||||||
| Female (95.99 PY+) | 21.88 (13.54–33.44) | 1 | 6.25 (2.28–13.61) | 1 | 11.46 (5.71–20.51) | 1 | 2.08 (0.23–7.52) | 1 | 2.08 (0.23–7.52) | 1 |
| Male (164.73 PY) | 38.85 (29.92–49.61) | 1.78 (1.10–2.97) | 23.07 (16.32–31.66) | 3.69 (1.64–9.61) | 10.93 (6.47–17.27) | 0.95 (0.45–2.08) | 4.25 (1.70–8.76) | 2.04 (0.45–14.33) | 0.61 (0.08–3.37) | 0.29 (0.01–3.83) |
| Area of residence | ||||||||||
| Rural (132.53 PY)+ | 33.20 (24.42–44.17) | 1 | 16.60 (10.67–24.72) | 1 | 11.32 (6.58–18.25) | 1 | 3.77 (1.38–8.36) | 1 | 1.51 (0.25–4.99) | 1 |
| Urban (128.19 PY) | 31.98 (23.26–42.97) | 0.96 (0.63–1.48) | 17.16 (11.03–25.56) | 1.03 (0.57–1.88) | 10.92 (6.22–17.89) | 0.97 (0.46–2.02) | 3.12 (0.99–7.53) | 0.83 (0.20–3.27) | 0.78 (0.04–3.84) | 0.52 (0.02–6.80) |
| Type of illness | ||||||||||
| New (194.56 PY)+ | 26.21 (19.52–34.47) | 1 | 14.39 (9.56–20.80) | 1 | 9.25 (5.48–14.62) | 1 | 2.05 (0.55–5.26) | 1 | 0.51 (0.01–2.86) | 1 |
| Re-treatment (66.16 PY) | 51.39 (35.58–71.81) | 1.96 (1.26–3.02) | 24.18 (13.81–39.27) | 1.68 (0.89–3.09) | 16.63 (8.29–29.75) | 1.80 (0.82–3.80) | 7.56 (2.44–17.63) | 3.68 (0.93–15.38) | 3.02 (0.34–10.91) | 5.88 (0.45–173.5) |
| Site of illness | ||||||||||
| Pulmonary-sputum positive (72.12 PY)+ | 39.93 (2954–52.79) | 1 | 17.93 (11.23–27.14) | 1 | 13.04 (7.45–21.17) | 1 | 7.33 (3.35–13.92) | 1 | 1.63 (0.18–5.88) | 1 |
| Pulmonary-sputum negative (122.71 PY) | 40.21 (26.92–57.75) | 1.01 (0.63–1.59) | 24.96 (14.78–39.45) | 1.39 (0.74–2.61) | 13.87 (6.64–25.50) | 1.06 (0.46–2.34) | 0 | 0 (0–0.67) | 1.39 (0.02–7.71) | 0.85 (0.03–11.18) |
| Extrapulmonary (65.89 PY) | 10.62 (4.26–21.89) | 0.26 (0.11–0.56) | 6.07 (1.63–15.54) | 0.34 (0.10–0.92) | 4.55 (0.92–13.30) | 0.35 (0.08–1.10) | 0 | 0 (0–0.74) | 0 | 0 (0–6.47) |
| HIV status | ||||||||||
| Negative (227.52 PY)+ | 33.84 (26.71–42.30) | 1 | 16.70 (11.82–22.93) | 1 | 11.87 (7.82–17.27) | 1 | 3.96 (1.81–7.51) | 1 | 1.32 (0.27–3.85) | 1 |
| Positive (17.95 PY) | 16.71 (3.36–48.84) | 0.49 (0.12–1.39) | 11.14 (1.25–40.23) | 0.67 (0.11–2.33) | 5.57 (0.07–31.0) | 0.47 (0.02–2.48) | 0 | 0 (0–5.01) | 0 | 0 (0–21.73) |
| Unknown (15.26 PY) | 32.77 (10.56–76.47) | 0.97 (0.35–2.23) | 26.22 (7.05–67.11) | 1.57 (0.48–4.06) | 6.55 (0.01–36.46) | 0.55 (0.03–2.92) | 0 | 0 (0–5.89) | 0 | 0 (0–25.56) |
| Diabetic status | ||||||||||
| Non-diabetic (96.41 PY)+ | 34.23 (23.56–48.07) | 1 | 18.67 (11.06–29.51) | 1 | 10.37 (4.96–19.07) | 1 | 2.07 (0.23–7.49) | 1 | 3.11 (0.63–9.09) | 1 |
| Diabetic (5.90 PY) | 16.95 (0.22–94.31) | 0.50 (0.02–2.59) | 0 | 0 (0–2.96) | 16.95 (0.22–94.31) | 1.63 (0.07–9.74) | 0 | 0 (0–56.75) | 0 | 0 (0–28.02) |
| Unknown (158.41 PY) | 32.20 (23.97–42.33) | 0.94 (0.61–14.72) | 16.41 (10.72–24.05) | 0.88 (0.48–1.63) | 11.36 (6.73–17.96) | 1.10 (0.51–2.47) | 4.42 (1.77–9.11) | 2.13 (0.47–14.96) | 0 | 0 (0–1.04) |
CI = confidence interval; PY = person years; PYAR = person years at risk.
+
Reference group.