Table 3.

Stepwise multiple linear regression to identify dietary, lifestyle and socio-demographic predictors of disability-adjusted life years lost (DALYs) for infectious and cardiovascular diseases.

Model	DALYs infectious diseases		DALYs cardiovascular diseases
	B ± SE	p	B ± SE	p
N*	93		93
R2	0.87		0.42
Life expectancy (years)	−5.84 ± 0.75	<0.001	–	–
Smoking prevalence (%)	−0.40 ± 0.09	<0.001	0.34 ± 0.05	<0.001
Per capita GDP ($)	−0.44 ± 0.08	<0.001	–	–

Results are shown for significant variables. Independent variables entered into Model 1 were: total energy available for consumption (kcal), percent energy availability from cereals, fruit, total vegetables, all sugar, vegetable oils, starchy roots, pulses, alcoholic beverages, meat total, animal fat, eggs, milk, fish and seafood. Model 2: Model 1 + smoking, life expectancy, obesity prevalence, cholesterol concentrations, literacy, urbanization, per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and prevalence of physical inactivity. B = unadjusted regression coefficient; SE, standard error; R² = explained variance; N = number of countries. Variables were transformed to fit linearity assumptions of the regression models.

^*Missing data of smoking and physical inactivity data determined the lower number of cases.