Skip to main content
. 2020 Jun 23;15:1481–1493. doi: 10.2147/COPD.S249131

Table 1.

Ligands of TLR2 and TLR4

Type of Ligands TLR2/1/6 TLR4
Microbial ligands Triacylated lipopeptides
diacylated lipopeptides glycolipids zimozan lipoteichoic acid (LTA) peptidoglycan (PGN)
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
Endogenous ligands High-mobility group protein B1 (HMGPB1) heat shock proteins (HSPs) hyaluronan fibronectin HMGPB1 fibrinogen heparin sulphate hyaluronic acid fibronectin
Synthetic ligands Pam3CSK4
Pam2CGDPKHPKSF (FSL-1)