Table 3.
Proposed Therapeutic Agents for the Treatment of COPD
| Therapeutic Agent | Type of Therapeutic Agent | Molecular Target | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Budesonide | Glucocorticosteroid | TLR2, TLR4 | 70–72 |
| Ulinastatin | Protease inhibitor | HMGB1/TLR4 signal pathway | 73 |
| Sulforaphane | Natural isothiocyanate | TLR2/TLR4/MyD88 signal pathway | 74 |
| Resveratrol | Plant polyphenol | TLR4/MyD88 signal pathway via RIP1 | 66 |
| Bufei Yishen granules | Chinese herbs | TLR-4/NF-κB signal pathway | 75 |
| Resolvin D2 (RvD2) | Pro-resolving mediator | TLR4 | 77 |
| PPP1R11 | RING finger E3 ligase | TLR2 | 78 |
| C16H15NO4 (C29)/ortho-vanillin | Small molecule inhibitor/its derivative | TIR domain; TLR2/1 and TLR2/6 signal pathways | 65,69 |
| ST2825 | Synthetic inhibitor | MyD88 | 66 |
| BX795 | Synthetic inhibitor | TLR4/TRIF signal pathway via IRF3 | 79 |