Table 1.
Studies concerning polyurethane-based semipermeable dressing foams.
| Materials | Important Aspects | Results | Application | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Usnic acid-loaded polyaniline/polyurethane | It is essential to select an optimal doping level for usnic acid; antibiofilm character due to the specific surface for polymer adhesion; improved anti-biofilm action provided by usnic acid; | antibiofilm improved action provided by usnic acid; biofilm inhibition and reduction in the viable bacterial population; low cost; eco-friendly; | Against E. coli and S. aureus in wound dressing | Marcelo R. dos Santos et al., 2018 [98] |
| Polyurethane, biomacromolecule, and asiaticoside (AS) | Polyurethane combined (PUC) foam dressings with various biomacromolecules obtained with the adsorption of asiaticoside and silver nanoparticles; biomacromolecules had varying effects on physicochemical and mechanical properties of PU foam; carboxy- methylcellulose (CMC) had the highest compression strength but the lowest water vapor transmission; high water absorption was obtained for foams with CMC, alginate, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and low molecular weight chitosan; concentrations up to 12% had more prominent effect; | On healthy volunteers: the prepared foam dressing caused no skin irritation and retained moisture comparable to the commercial product; in patients with traumatic dermal wounds: healing improvement with shorter wound closure time, higher reepithelialization and less pain score was from the selected foam dressing compared to standard gauze soaked with chlorhexidine; | Traumatic dermal wound treatment | Namviriyachotea et al., 2019 [99] |
| Polyurethane, silver, and asiaticoside (AS) | Foam dressing containing natural polyols, silver nanoparticles, and AS; hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, chitosan, and sodium alginate were individually mixed with the main polyols, polypropylene glycol, in the formulation while the active components were impregnated into the obtained foam dressing sheets; | Antimicrobial effect; non-cytotoxicity; type and amount of the natural polyols slightly affected the pore size alginate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose improved water sorption-desorption profile and compression strength; need further investigation; | Dermal wounds | Namviriyachotea et al., 2019 [100] |
| PU-silica hybrid foams | Hybridization of bioactive silica nanoparticles with PU; | Enhanced biocompatibility and wound healing capabilities | Wound healing | Song et al., 2017 [93] |
| Polyurethane/ZnO nanocomposite foams | Induced phase separation method; | Appropriate morphology to keep the proper environment at the wound/dressing interface; low cytotoxic potential; effective against Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria | Wound healing | Bužarovska et al., 2019 [95] |