Figure 9.

Tissue reaction in the BGnf treated defect two weeks postoperatively. Where (c) panoramic view of multiple serial histological sections of full-thickness mucosa at the defect site (scale bar: 500 µm) to show tissue response from the outermost epithelial surface reaching to the submucosal layer. (a) Higher magnification of the epithelial layer, where the normal stratified squamous appearance of epithelium could be seen with prominent basal cell layer (arrows). (b) Lamina propria layer showing newly formed collagen fibers (arrows) extending to the deeper submucosa with a regular distribution of blood vessels (triangles). (d) Well circumscribed remnants of BGnf (arrow) that were observed in the deep submucosal layer surrounded by inflammatory cells and engulfed by multinucleated giant cells (triangles). (e) Prominent blood vessels were distributed in the same region (stars) indicating BGnf high angiogenic activity (scale bar: 100 µm).