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. 2020 Jun 1;18:1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.05.014

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© 2020 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Activated Fibroblasts Regulate Chemoresistance through Secreting IL-6

(A) mRNA expression of IL-6, IL-8, and CXCL1 in activated fibroblasts and NFs. (B) Expression level of IL-6 in the CM of NFs, activated fibroblasts, CAFs, and tumor cells, measured by ELISA. (C) ESCC cells were cultured in the indicated CM with or without IL-6 receptor-neutralizing antibody (tocilizumab) followed by treatment with 10 μM cisplatin. Cell viability was examined at the indicated time point using an MTT assay. (D) ESCC cells were cultured in CM/NF (control), CM/NF + tocilizumab, CM/NF + recombinant IL-6 (40 ng/mL), CM/activated fibroblast, or CM/activated fibroblast + tocilizumab followed by treatment with 10 μM cisplatin for 4 h, and cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometric analysis. Early and late apoptotic cells are shown in the right quadrant. ∗p < 0.05.