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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Jan 23;223(1):121.e1–121.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.01.042

Table 2:

Maternal outcomes by Healthy Eating Index quartile

HEI quartile 1 (N=2065) HEI quartile 2 (N=2065) HEI quartile 3 (N=2065) HEI quartile 4 (N=2064) P value*
Gestational diabetes mellitus 89 (4.6) 92 (4.7) 84 (4.3) 80 (4.1) 0.758
Cesarean delivery 536 (27.2) 559 (28.1) 559 (28.1) 521 (26.3) 0.539
Major perineal laceration 47 (4.7) 83 (7.5) 102 (8.6) 113 (9.3) <0.001
Postpartum hemorrhage requiring transfusion 28 (1.4) 18 (0.9) 15 (0.7) 10 (0.5) 0.02
Hypertensive disorder of pregnancy 510 (25.9) 481 (24.1) 445 (22.4) 401 (20.3) <0.001

Data displayed as N (%)

HEI, Healthy Eating Index; quartile 4 represents the best quality of periconceptional diet

*

P-value for chi-squared test.