Table 2.
Average values in millimeters for the right hemidiaphragm thickness
| Body position |
Thickness at the end of expiration |
Thickness at deep inspiration |
Ratio |
|||||
| Men | Women | Men | Women | Men | Women | |||
| Cardenas et al[13], (n = 64) | Semi-recumbent | 1.9 ± 0.3, LLN = 1.25 | 1.79 ± 0.3, LLN = 1.23 | 5.6 ± 0.9 (TLC), LLN = 3.83 | 4.8 ± 1 (TLC), LLN = 2.91 | TF = 204% ± 62%, LLN = 80% | TF = 170% ± 44%, LLN = 82% | |
| Boon et al[43], (n = 150) | Supine | 3.8 ± 1.5 (FRC), LLN = 1.7 | 2.7 ± 1 (FRC), LLN=1.5 | TR = 1.7 ± 1.9, LLN = 1.2 | TR = 1.7 ± 1.9, LLN = 1.3 | |||
| Ueki et al[5], (n = 13) | Sitting | 1.7 ± 0.2 (FRC), 1.6 ± 0.2 (RV) | 4.4 ± 1.4 (max insp. Pressure) | Thickness pimax/FRC = 2.6 ± 0.7 (2-3.9) | ||||
| Zhu et al[37], (n = 60) | Supine | 1.6 ± 0.4 (FRC) (1.5-1.8) | 3.1 ± 0.8 (TLC) (3-3.3) | TR = 1.99 ± 0.48 (1.81-2.04) | ||||
| Baria et al[38], (n = 150) | Supine | 3.2 ± 1.3 (1.3-7.3) | TR = 1.8 ± 0.5 (1.2-3.9) | |||||
| Scarlata et al[31], (n = 66) | Recumbent | 1.8 ± 0.4 (FRC) | 2.6 ± 0.5 (TLC) | TR = 1.5 ± 0.24 | ||||
| Carrillo-Esper et al[34], (n = 109) | Supine | 1.9 ± 0.4 (FRC) | 1.4 ± 0.3 (FRC) | TR = 1.7 ± 1.9 | TR = 1.7 ± 1.9 | |||
| Gottesman et al[33], (n = 15) | Standing | 2.8 ± 0.4 (FRC) | TF = 37% ± 9% (21-57) | |||||
| Brown et al[40], (n = 45) | Supine, seated, standing | 2.2 (2.1-2.4) (FRC), 2.4 (2.3-2.6) (FRC), 2.5 (2.3-2.8) (FRC) | 3.5 (3.4-3.7) TLC, 4.6 (4.4-4.8) TLC, 6.5 (6.1-6.9) TLC | TF = 65% (61-69), TF = 97% (83-110), TF = 174% (151-197) | ||||
| Kim et al[39], (n = 49) | Supine | 2.1 ± 0.5 (FRC) | 6.5 ± 1.4 (TLC) | 4.4 ± 1.2 (TLC-FRC) | ||||
FRC: Functional residual capacity; RV: Residual volume; TLC: Total lung capacity; TR: Thickening ratio; TF: Thickening fraction; LLN: Lower limit of normality.