Table 4.

Glossary of variables and expressions.

Variable	Description
u	Thalamic input, modelled by a Gaussian function.
$V_j^K$	The j-th (neuronal) state in region K; e.g., mean depolarisation of a neuronal population
$\sigma \left(V_j^K\right)$	The neuronal firing rate – a sigmoid squashing function of depolarisation
$z$	Neurovascular signal; e.g., intracellular astrocyte calcium levels
$h_s,h_{in},h_v,h_q$	Haemodynamic states: hs - vasodilatory signal (e.g., NO), hin - blood flow, hv - blood –volume and hq - deoxyhaemoglobin content
${\mathrm{\Psi }}_j$	Electromagnetic field vector mapping from (neuronal) states to measured (electrophysiological) responses