Table 1.
Baseline Differences in Demographics and Clinical Characteristics in Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes
| Propensity Matched | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Entire Population* (n=3953) |
Diabetic patients (n=731) |
Non-Diabetic patients (n=731) |
P- value† |
|
| Male, n (%) | 3203 (81.0) | 595 (81.4) | 585 (80.0) | 0.51 |
| Age, mean, y ± SD | 61.1 ± 10.5 | 62.6 ± 9.4 | 62.7 ± 10.7 | 0.94 |
| Age categories, n (%) | ||||
| <40yrs | 87 (2.0) | 4 (0.5) | 16 (2.2) | 0.32 |
| 40 to <50yrs | 482 (12.2) | 58 (7.9) | 80 (10.9) | 0.01 |
| 50 to <60yrs | 1259 (31.8) | 223 (30.5) | 187 (25.6) | 0.05 |
| 60 to <70yrs | 1310 (33.1) | 285 (39.0) | 259 (35.4) | 0.04 |
| 70 to <80yrs | 676 (17.1) | 139 (19.0) | 156 (21.3) | 0.27 |
| ≥ 80yrs | 139 (3.5) | 22 (3.0) | 33 (4.5) | 0.16 |
| Weight (kg) | 84.9 ± 16.8 | 87.7 ± 17.3 | 87.9 ± 17.3 | 0.83 |
| BMI categories (kg/m2), n (%) | ||||
| <18.5 | 19 (0.5) | 3 (0.4) | 2 (0.3) | 0.65 |
| 18.5-24.9 | 1047 (26.5) | 150 (20.5) | 145 (19.8) | 0.75 |
| 25-29.9 | 1821 (46.1) | 299 (40.9) | 320 (43.8) | 0.27 |
| 30-34.9 | 785 (19.9) | 197 (26.9) | 191 (26.1) | 0.72 |
| 35-39.9 | 207 (5.2) | 60 (8.2) | 53 (7.3) | 0.49 |
| ≥40 | 74 (1.9) | 22 (3.0) | 20 (2.7) | 0.75 |
| Ejection fraction | 15.9 ± 34.8 | 16.2 ± 35.2 | 16.1 ± 35.1 | 0.95 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 2407 (60.9) | 582 (79.6) | 440 (60.2) | 0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 2592 (65.6) | 550 (75.2) | 505 (69.1) | 0.009 |
| Congestive Heart Failure | 233 (5.9) | 63 (8.6) | 66 (9.0) | 0.43 |
| COPD | 401 (10.1) | 91 (12.4) | 94 (12.9) | 0.81 |
| Liver Disease | 38 (1.0) | 10 (1.4) | 12 (1.6) | 0.67 |
| Liver/GI Disease | 287 (7.3) | 49 (6.7) | 58 (7.9) | 0.37 |
| GI Disease | 252 (6.4) | 41 (5.6) | 47 (6.4) | 0.51 |
| Malignancy | 139 (3.5) | 31 (4.2) | 32 (4.4) | 0.90 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 159 (4.0) | 22 (3.0) | 19 (2.6) | 0.64 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1332 (3.3) | 25 (3.4) | 22 (3.0) | 0.66 |
| Present Smoker | 778 (19.7) | 126 (17.2) | 121 (16.6) | 0.73 |
| Former Smoker | 1117 (28.3) | 241 (33.0) | 246 (33.7) | 0.78 |
| Renal Disease | 54 (1.4) | 17 (2.3) | 13 (1.8) | 0.46 |
| Dialysis | 10 (0.3) | 2 (0.3) | 3 (0.4) | 0.65 |
| Family History of Heart Disease | 1395 (35.3) | 267 (36.5) | 227 (31.1) | 0.03 |
| Previous MI, n(%) | 324 (8.2) | 81 (11.1) | 85 (11.6) | 0.74 |
| Prior PCI, n(%) | 228 (5.8) | 58 (7.9) | 55 (7.5) | 0.77 |
| Prior CABG, n(%) | 254 (6.4) | 61 (8.3) | 61 (8.3) | N/A |
| Indication for Catheterization, n(%) | ||||
| Stable angina | 884 (22.4) | 217 (29.7) | 196 (26.8) | 0.22 |
| Myocardial infarction | 2110 (53.4) | 327 (44.7) | 364 (49.8) | 0.05 |
| Unstable angina | 517 (13.1) | 95 (13.0) | 92 (12.6) | 0.81 |
| Other | 442 (11.2) | 92 (12.6) | 79 (10.8) | 0.29 |
| ST/Elevation MI, n (%) | 1289 (32.6) | 196 (26.8) | 193 (26.4) | 0.86 |
| Duke Jeopardy Score n (%) | 0.028 | |||
| Normal | 31 (2.1) | 9 (1.2) | 22 (3.0) | 0.678 |
| <50% | 54 (3.7) | 29 (4.0) | 25 (3.4) | 0.046 |
| Low risk | 665 (45.5) | 313 (42.8) | 352 (48.2) | 0.003 |
| High risk | 560 (38.3) | 308 (42.1) | 252 (34.5) | 0.606 |
| Left main | 151 (10.3) | 72 (9.8) | 79 (10.8) | N/A |
| missing | 1 (0.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | |
Notes: Data are presented as mean (SD), or % as appropriate.
CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; CR, cardiac rehabilitation; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MI, myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention
*
Entire population based on unmatched patient population who completed Cardiac Rehabilitation.
†
Overall difference across groups as determined by paired t-test or X2 test.