Table 2.
Descriptive characteristics of study participants in NHANES III (discovery set) and NHANES 1999–2004
| NHANES III | NHANES 1999–2004 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testosterone deficiency (N=243) | No testosterone deficiency (N=1073) | P-value | Testosterone deficiency (N=213) | No testosterone deficiency (N=677) | P-value | ||
| Age – mean (SE) | 51.40 (1.08) | 41.36 (0.73) | <0.0001 | 50.50 (1.62) | 41.35 (0.79) | 0.0003 | |
| Race (%) | 0.57 | 0.06 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 76.72 | 78.89 | 74.95 | 71.05 | |||
| Non-Hispanic black | 9.54 | 9.52 | 6.73 | 11.37 | |||
| Mexican-American | 4.03 | 4.65 | 12.82 | 13.16 | |||
| Others | 9.71 | 6.94 | 5.50 | 4.42 | |||
| Poverty-to-income ratio (PIR) (%) | 0.11 | 0.98 | |||||
| <1 | 3.94 | 10.76 | 10.77 | 10.76 | |||
| 1–2 | 21.16 | 18.30 | 17.30 | 22.38 | |||
| 2–3 | 32.09 | 19.74 | 10.78 | 14.62 | |||
| ≥3 | 42.81 | 51.20 | 61.16 | 52.24 | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) – mean (SD) | 28.70 (0.70) | 25.93 (0.70) | 0.0003 | 31.82 (0.80) | 26.67 (0.24) | <0.0001 | |
| Metabolic disorder (%) | |||||||
| Hypertension | 61.69 | 37.37 | 0.0003 | 59.25 | 40.82 | <0.0001 | |
| Diabetes | 19.17 | 9.94 | 0.02 | 26.84 | 11.59 | 0.0001 | |
| Low HDL-cholesterol | 40.73 | 30.89 | 0.04 | 34.96 | 28.71 | 0.07 | |
| Triglyceridemia | 49.02 | 28.84 | 0.0003 | 44.62 | 30.89 | 0.0005 | |
| Hormone levels – mean (SD) | |||||||
| Testosterone (ng/mL) | 2.62 (0.10) | 5.92 (0.10) | <0.0001 | 2.66 (0.07) | 5.82 (0.10) | <0.0001 | |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | 32.30 (1.95) | 39.24 (0.78) | 0.008 | 23.24 (1.99) | 32.33 (1.17) | 0.13 | |
| Estradiol (ng/mL) | 31.33 (1.64) | 38.22 (0.63) | 0.0001 | 28.89 (1.75) | 39.24 (1.00) | <0.0001 | |