Table 2.

Perpetrators and health consequences of sexual harassment on female nurses

Author/Year	Perpetrators	Consequences of sexual harassment
Othman et al., 2018 [21]	–	Headache on 57.5%, fatigue on 56.67%, difficult sleep on 54.17%, Nightmare on 48.33%, and loss of appetite on 35% of nurses Stomach pain, weight gain, weight loss, disturbances of the menstrual cycle, muscular spasm or convulsions, and gastric ulcer disease or hypertensive.
Fatema, 2017 [22]	–	Feeling of sadness on 54%, loss of self-confidence on 25%, crying for no reason on 35% and Social isolation on 22%. Uncontrolled ferociousness on 19%, trouble in emotional relationships on 27%, and bitterness on 48%.
Hussein et al., 2015 [23]	43.30% patient /family 30% follow nurse 26.70% doctors	Anxiety (Mean 41.27 ± 6.12) z = 3.85, p = 0.000 Depression (Mean 33.40 ± 4.44) z = 2.10, p = 0.036
Ali et al., 2015 [24]	42.70% patients 61.90% patients’ family 12.90% doctors 45.40% staff	Felt anger on 37.10% Felt shame on 30.40% Psychological in general on 94.7% Disappointment on 76.50% Depression on 67.90%, and fear on 35.80%
Mushtaq et al. 2015	–	Depression, anxiety, stress
Khan et al.,2015 [25]	55.3% patients/visitors 25.3% physicians 4.7% colleague nurses 14.7% administration	Psychological in general on 50.7% Physical health in general on 8%
Park et al., 2015 [27]	55.5% patients 15.2% patient family 34.6% physicians 2.6% colleague nurses 1.6% nurse managers	–
Subedi et al., 2013 [28]	18.52% patients 25.93% patient relatives 37.03% physician 11.11% administrative staff	–
Suhaila & Rampal, 2012 [29]	Patients Patients’ relatives Colleagues Medical Officers	Psychological effects in general on74.70%. Fear on 80.30%, depression on 26.6%, loss of appetite on 8.60%, nausea on 7.70%, and fatigue on 1.30%.
Shiao et al., 2010 [30]	Psychiatry patients	Night shift had negative effects on the score of general health (Coef-6, SE = 2.7 p = 0.03) Working in a psychiatric hospital was positively associated with scores in mental health (Coef 2.7,SE = 0.6 p < 0.0001) Working in psychiatry hospital was vitality, was negatively associated with these scores (Coef 1.7,SE = 0.7 p < 0.0110)
Hibino et al., 2009 [31, 34]	Patients	–
Celik & Celik 2007 [32]	43.30% patients 34.20% attendants 77.10% physicians 51.10% nurses 29.4% other personnel	Disturbed mental health on 44.6% Physical problem in general on 24.20% Sleeping difficulty on 24.20%, headache on 40.30%, stomach ache on 17.30%, negative social and family relations on 36.80%, disturbed family life on 27.30%, being tired on 14.30%, fear on 23.4%, helplessness on 17.30%, depression on 10.80%, belittlement or humiliation on 10.8%.
Gunnarsdottir et al., 2006 [33]	–	Psychological wellbeing affected
Hibino et al., 2006 [31, 34]	94% male patients	–
Kisa et al., 2002 [35]	39% patients 17% relatives of patient 41% physicians 4% other hospital staffs	Emotional reactions -Anger on 42.9%, fear on 11.4%, helpless on 8.2%, depression on 6.9%, feelings of humiliation on 10.5%, guilt/self-blame on 6.2%. Physical symptoms: Headaches on 37.7%, Dizziness on 2%, gastritis on 12.9%, nausea and/or vomiting on 2.4%, exhaustion on 12.9%, menstrual disturbances on 2%, inability to sleep on 20.2% and sleep more on 3.2%.
Matsuoka et al., 2001 [36]	–	Mental problem on 41%.
Shaikh, 2000 [37]	2.80% male patients 11.27% male attendants 26.90% male physicians	–
Kisa & Dziegielewski,1996	34% patients 14% relatives of patients 44% physicians 9% other perpetrators	Emotional effects -Anger on 44%, feelings of humiliation on 14%, fear on 12%, guilt on 9%, and depression on 5% and helplessness on 5%. physical symptoms: Headaches on 38%, inability to sleep on 20%, feelings of exhaustion on 15%,gastritis on 14%, nausea and/or vomiting on 4%, tendency to sleep more than usual on 1%, dizziness on 1%, and menstrual disturbances on 1%.
Dan et al.,1995 [38]	75% patients 73% visitors 88.5% physicians 83% coworkers	Emotional condition on 47.4%. Physical condition on 11.1%.
Libbus & Bowman,1994 [40]	53.5% patients 5.4% patients’ family 25% physicians 12.5% non-nurse staff 3.6% nurses	Emotional responses on 70.5% (Anger on 23.6%), embarrassment on 19.6%, disgust on 19.6%, nervousness on 18.20%.