Table 1.
Correlation of tumor necrosis with patients’ clinicopathological features in primary small hepatocellular carcinomas
| Characteristics | Cases | Necrosis (−) | Necrosis (+) | P valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | 0.555 | |||
| Male | 295 | 155 (52.5%) | 140 (47.5%) | |
| Female | 40 | 23 (57.5%) | 17 (42.5%) | |
| Age (years) | 0.694 | |||
| ≤ 48.0b | 166 | 90 (54.2%) | 76 (45.8%) | |
| > 48.0 | 169 | 88 (52.1%) | 81 (47.9%) | |
| AFP (ng/ml) | 0.485 | |||
| ≤ 20 | 139 | 77 (55.4%) | 62 (44.6%) | |
| > 20 | 196 | 101 (51.5%) | 95 (48.5%) | |
| ALT (μ/l) | 0.504 | |||
| ≤ 40 | 192 | 99 (51.6%) | 93 (48.4%) | |
| > 40 | 143 | 79 (55.2%) | 64 (44.8%) | |
| Tumor size (cm) | 0.026 | |||
| ≤ 2.5c | 188 | 110 (58.5%) | 78 (41.5%) | |
| > 2.5 | 147 | 68 (46.3%) | 79 (53.7%) | |
| Differentiation | 0.675 | |||
| Well | 56 | 32 (57.1%) | 24 (42.9%) | |
| Moderate | 208 | 111 (53.4%) | 97 (46.6%) | |
| Poor-undifferentiated | 71 | 35 (49.3%) | 36 (50.7%) | |
| Vascular invasion | 0.003 | |||
| Absent | 255 | 147 (57.6%) | 108 (42.4%) | |
| Present | 80 | 31 (38.8%) | 49 (61.3%) | |
| Envelope | 0.872 | |||
| Absent | 214 | 113 (52.8%) | 101 (47.2%) | |
| Present | 121 | 65 (53.7%) | 56 (46.3%) | |
| Liver cirrhosis | 0. 166 | |||
| Absent | 201 | 113 (56.2%) | 88 (43.8%) | |
| Present | 134 | 65 (48.5%) | 69 (51.5%) |
aChi-square test; bMedian age; cMedian size; AFP indicates alpha-fetoprotein; ALT indicates alanine aminotranferease