Table 1.

Changes of measured morphometric parameters over the course of pulmonary arterial hypertension (mean ± SD)

Parameter	I—non-PAH control	II—early PAH	III—end-stage PAH	IV—end-stage PAH with myocarditis	p-value ANOVA or Kruskal–Wallis test	Pairwise comparisons
						p-value I vs. II	p-value I vs. III	p-value I vs. IV	p-value II vs. III	p-value II vs. IV	p-value III vs. IV
Body weight at 0 day (g)	313.2 ± 20.0	321.6 ± 18.2	313.7 ± 17.8	324.7 ± 11.3	0.368	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Body weight at euthanasia day (g)	378.7 ± 58.0	367.4 ± 18.6	361.3 ± 28.3	361.4 ± 20.0	0.526	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Body weight change (0 day—euthanasia day) (g)	65.6 ± 56.7	45.8 ± 6.9	47.5 ± 17.6	36.7 ± 15.7	0.209	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Heart weight (g) [indexed]	1.04 ± 0.14 [0.28 ± 0.06]	1.01 ± 0.07 [0.28 ± 0.01]	1.21 ± 0.12 [0.34 ± 0.04]	1.36 ± 0.16 [0.38 ± 0.05]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.962 [1.000]	<0.001[0.004]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.002[0.032]	<0.001[0.006]	0.036 [1.000]
Ventricles weight (g) [indexed]	0.87 ± 0.10 [0.23 ± 0.04]	0.85 ± 0.05 [0.23 ± 0.01]	1.01 ± 0.08 [0.28 ± 0.03]	1.15 ± 0.11 [0.32 ± 0.04]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.894 [1.000]	<0.001[0.002]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[0.011]	<0.001[0.001]	0.005 [0.790]
RV free wall weight (g) [indexed]	0.16 ± 0.03 [0.04 ± 0.01]	0.19 ± 0.02 [0.05 ± 0.01]	0.35 ± 0.04 [0.10 ± 0.01]	0.39 ± 0.05 [0.11 ± 0.02]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.425 [< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.140 [0.091]
LV free wall weight (g) [indexed]	0.37 ± 0.05 [0.10 ± 0.02]	0.35 ± 0.02 [0.09 ± 0.01]	0.28 ± 0.04 [0.08 ± 0.01]	0.32 ± 0.07 [0.09 ± 0.02]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.736 [1.000]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.701 [1.000]	0.053 [0.069]	1.000 [1.000]	0.103 [0.092]
LV free wall + IVS weight (g) [indexed]	0.68 ± 0.08 [0.18 ± 0.02]	0.64 ± 0.04 [0.17 ± 0.01]	0.65 ± 0.05 [0.18 ± 0.02]	0.70 ± 0.06 [0.19 ± 0.02]	0.071 [0.179]	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
IVS weight (g) [indexed]	0.29 ± 0.04 [0.08 ± 0.01]	0.31 ± 0.04 [0.08 ± 0.01]	0.35 ± 0.05 [0.10 ± 0.01]	0.41 ± 0.07 [0.11 ± 0.02]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.751 [0.786]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.010[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.137 [0.049]
RV free wall thickness (mm) [indexed]	0.51 ± 0.14 [0.14 ± 0.04]	0.91 ± 0.14 [0.25 ± 0.04]	1.23 ± 0.25 [0.34 ± 0.09]	1.32 ± 0.20 [0.37 ± 0.07]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.002 [0.129]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.013[0.253]	0.002[0.188]	0.820 [1.000]
LV free wall thickness (mm) [indexed]	2.37 ± 0.42 [0.63 ± 0.13]	2.54 ± 0.42 [0.67 ± 0.10]	1.98 ± 0.41 [0.55 ± 0.13]	2.25 ± 0.50 [0.62 ± 0.13]	0.005 [0.068]	0.280 [ns]	0.004 [ns]	0.543 [ns]	0.023 [ns]	0.193 [ns]	0.380 [ns]
IVS thickness (mm) [indexed]	1.43 ± 0.33 [0.39 ± 0.14]	1.98 ± 0.36 [0.54 ± 0.09]	1.97 ± 0.37 [0.55 ± 0.13]	2.09 ± 0.49 [0.59 ± 0.17]	<0.001[0.003]	0.021[0.014]	0.020[0.010]	0.008[0.019]	1.000 [1.000]	0.950 [1.000]	0.243 [0.893]
RV diameter (mm) [indexed]	3.43 ± 0.78 [0.89 ± 0.23]	3.76 ± 0.92 [1.02 ± 0.25]	4.39 ± 0.89 [1.22 ± 0.25]	5.04 ± 0.71 [1.39 ± 0.15]	<0.001 [< 0.001]	0.865 [0.547]	0.013[< 0.001]	0.005[< 0.001]	0.456 [0.190]	0.032[0.018]	0.475 [0.320]
LV diameter (mm) [indexed]	4.77 ± 0.70 [1.27 ± 0.21]	4.81 ± 0.65 [1.31 ± 0.18]	3.03 ± 0.69 [0.83 ± 0.18]	2.96 ± 0.47 [0.82 ± 0.09]	<0.001 [< 0.001]	0.876 [0.897]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.998 [0.993]
Pulmonary trunk diameter (mm) [indexed]	2.35 ± 0.36 [0.63 ± 0.12]	2.34 ± 0.29 [0.64 ± 0.08]	3.11 ± 0.42 [0.86 ± 0.12]	3.08 ± 0.27 [0.85 ± 0.04]	<0.001[< 0.001]	1.000 [0.992]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	<0.001[< 0.001]	0.002[0.002]	0.999 [0.994]
Aorta diameter (mm) [indexed]	2.29 ± 0.21 [0.62 ± 0.10]	2.50 ± 0.33 [0.68 ± 0.09]	2.51 ± 0.25 [0.70 ± 0.10]	2.48 ± 0.40 [0.69 ± 0.12]	0.069 [0.077]	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

IVS: interventricular septum; LV: left ventricle; PAH: pulmonary arterial hypertension; RV: right ventricle

Statistically significant p-values are given in italics