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. 2020 Jun 23;8:504. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00504

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Copyright © 2020 Lee, Yoon, Wang, Moon, Koo, Jung, Chen, Jiang, Lu, Fernandez, Chow, Weitz, Salvaterra, Pinaud and Shung.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Ca²⁺ dynamics in invasive and non-invasive FUS stimulated cancer cells. (A) Background-subtracted fluorescence images show strong Ca²⁺ signaling in invasive PC-3 (right) but not non-invasive HEK (left) cells. (B) Top, 2-D histograms showing the percentage of responding cells over time. Vertical red and green dotted lines indicate FUS stimulus onset (50 s) and offset (200 s) times, respectively. Bottom, scatter plots showing the time of the first response in individual cells following stimulus. (C) Typical Ca²⁺ responses in invasive PC-3 cells exhibit either an oscillating (left), double (center) or single (right) spike pattern. (D) Ca²⁺ responses are present in PC-3 cells in external no or 20 μM (low) Ca²⁺ concentration. (E) Thapsigargin (TG) treatment in the normal external Ca²⁺ concentration (2 mM) drastically reduces the Ca²⁺ response.