Figure 2.

Recruitment and testing flowchart for the three pilots. ^*Eligibility criteria: providing consent for HIV testing & in Zimbabwe: not having been tested in previous three months or taking ART. ^**1914 tested HIV‐negative, six had unknown HIV status. ^***883 tested HIV‐positive, but 255 of these tested HIV+ before. ^****In Siaya County, ART status was determined using clinic records; in Nairobi, ART status was determined using ARV metabolite testing; in Zimbabwe, ART status was not determined. RITA, recency testing algorithm