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. 2020 Jun 28;16:1745506520932372. doi: 10.1177/1745506520932372

Table 3.

Psychological changes following nutrition and exercise programs.

Variable Exe + nutr (n = 41) Nutrition (n = 21) Exercise (n = 7) Control (n = 27)
Before After T(p) Percentage change Before After T(p) Percentage change Before After T(p) Percentage change Before After T(p) Percentage change
Well-being 3.36 (0.57) 3.51 (0.53) 2.5* +4.5 3.41 (0.57) 3.54 (0.39) 1.2 +3.8 2.87 (0.4) 2.94 (0.68) 0.46 +2.43 3.41 (0.74) 3.4 (0.67) 0.11 −0.29
Self-efficacy 3.14 (0.62) 3.41 (0.57) 3.9* +8.6 2.99 (0.68) 3.17 (0.67) 1.7 +6 2.97 (0.4) 2.87 (1.03) 0.31 −3.37 3.14 (0.61) 3.14 (0.63) 0.04 0
Body image 2.62 (0.68) 3.28 (0.8) 7.2* +25 2.73 (0.55) 3.06 (0.57) 2.2* +12 2.53 (0.72) 2.3 (1.3) 0.54 −9.1 2.64 (0.59) 2.88 (0.57) 2.5* +9.1
Self-image 3.24 (0.6) 3.65 (0.61) 5.4* +12.7 3.34 (0.38) 3.71 (0.43) 3.3* +11.1 2.99 (0.47) 3.23 (0.55) 1.27 +8 3.27 (0.49) 3.38 (0.55) 1.4 +3.4

exe + nutr: exercise + nutrition program.

Variables were tested with t-test for dependent samples.

*

p < 0.05.