Table 2.
Association of CD8 T-Cell Activation Levels (CD8+CD38+DR+) With HLA Alleles Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Women Naive to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapya
| Allele | β (95% CI)b | Mean Differencec | P Value | FDRd |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B*18:01 | 6.2 (2.9–9.6) | 6.2 | <.0003 | 0.02 |
| B*57:03 | −6.6 (−10.8 to −2.5) | −6.6 | .002 | 0.03 |
| C*18:01 | −6.6 (−10.5 to −2.7) | −6.6 | <.0008 | 0.02 |
| DQA1*01:00 | −3.3 (−5.4 to −1.1) | −3.3 | .003 | 0.04 |
| DQB1*03:01 | 3.3 (1.0–5.5) | 3.3 | .004 | 0.05 |
| DQB1*03:02 | 5.1 (2.2–8.0) | 5.1 | <.0006 | 0.02 |
| DQB1*06:02 | −2.9 (−5.2 to −0.7) | −2.9 | .01 | 0.10 |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FDR, false discovery rate.
aSample size of 586 women with a total of 1177 study visits. Samples with missing HLA data were imputed (see Supplementary Table 1 for percentage of data imputed by HLA type). The FDR was controlled at 0.10.
bThis value (β) is the difference in percentage of activated CD8 T cells between individuals with the allele and those without the allele, estimated using generalized estimating equation models. Models were controlled for age, race, principal components, laboratory data source, antiretroviral therapy, human immunodeficiency virus RNA level, and hepatitis C virus status.
cThe expected difference in mean percentage of activated CD8 T cells between individuals with the allele and those without the allele (covariates at mean or reference level).
dFDR computed using the Benjamini and Hochberg method.