Figure 1. Kaplan–Meier Curves for the Primary Outcome.

The primary composite outcome was death from any cause or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). In a trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design, patients with severe antineutrophil cytoplasm antibody–associated vasculitis were assigned to undergo plasma exchange or no plasma exchange (Panel A) and to follow either a reduced-dose regimen or a standard-dose regimen of oral glucocorticoids (Panel B).