Table 2. Number of parameters of each model.

Model	# interactions	# growth	# perturbations
gLV	D × D	D	D × P
cLV	(D − 1) × D	D − 1	(D − 1) × P
ALR	(D − 1) × (D − 1)	D − 1	(D − 1) × P
linear	D × D	D	D × P

Number of interaction parameters, growth parameters, and external perturbation parameters for D taxa and P effects.