Figure 2.

Bilobalide inhibited the cytokines expression of M1 macrophage. (A) Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were cultured with 1, 3, and 10 μM bilobalide in the absence or presence of 10 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and 10 ng/ml interferon-gamma (IFN)-γ (M1) for 6 h. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression level of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 were determined by quantitative PCR (QPCR). (B) BMDMs cells were treated with 3, 10, and 30 μM bilobalide in the presence of 10 ng/ml LPS and 10 ng/ml IFN-γ (M1) for 12 h. Cytokines level, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the medium were assessed by ELISA. Data represented the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments in triplicate. *P < 0.05 and **P < 0.01 compared with LPS and IFN-γ group.