PECAM-1 |
In vitro tube formation and in vivo matrigel plug assay (Cao et al., 2009) |
No defect in endothelial junction integrity in KO mice (Duong et al., 2020) |
Enhanced effects of inflammation inducing agents upon blocking or depletion (Ferrero et al., 1995; Graesser et al., 2002; Carrithers et al., 2005; Maas et al., 2005; Liao et al., 2018) |
|
JAM-A |
Matrigel plug assays (Cooke et al., 2006); angiogenesis in corneal wound healing assays (Chatterjee et al., 2013) |
No defect in endothelial junction integrity in KO mice (Duong et al., 2020) |
Enhanced effects of inflammation inducing agents upon blocking or depletion (Mandell et al., 2006; Mitchell et al., 2015) |
|
JAM-C |
Antibodies and soluble JAM-C interfere with neovascularization in the retina (Lamagna et al., 2005; Hou et al., 2012; Economopoulou et al., 2015) |
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Reduced effects of inflammation inducing agents upon blocking or depletion (Orlova et al., 2006; Li et al., 2009) |
|
ESAM |
Support of VE-cadherin function in anastomosis in zebrafish embryo (Sauteur et al., 2017); no role in mouse embryonic angiogenesis (Wegmann et al., 2006; Ueda et al., 2019), but tumor angiogenesis and matrigel plug assay (Ishida et al., 2003) |
Plasma leaks in lung, but not heart, skin and brain in KO mice (Duong et al., 2020); rupture of endothelial junctions in lung upon simultaneous block of ESAM and VE-cadherin (Duong et al., 2020) |
Reduced effects of inflammation inducing agents upon gene inactivation (Wegmann et al., 2006) |
|
Cldn5 |
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Increased leaks for small molecular weight tracers across BBB, yet no defect in tight junction ultrastructure (Nitta et al., 2003) |
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DSG-2 |
In vitro tube formation from endothelial progenitors and in vivo matrigel plug assay (Ebert et al., 2016) |
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Nectin-2 |
In vitro tube formation (Son et al., 2016) |
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VE-cadherin |
Embryonic lethality due to defects in vascular remodeling in gene inactivated mice (Carmeliet et al., 1999; Gory-Faure et al., 1999) |
Organ specific plasma leaks upon blocking or gene inactivation(Corada et al., 1999; Frye et al., 2015; Duong et al., 2020); rupture of endothelial junctions in lung upon simultaneous block of ESAM and VE-cadherin (Duong et al., 2020) |
Relevance of tyrosine phosphorylation for junction regulation (Orsenigo et al., 2012; Wessel et al., 2014) |
Organ specific defects upon gene inactivation (Hägerling et al., 2018) |