Table 5.
Examples of DDSs Releasing Various Antitumoral Agents
| Drug | Chemical Formula | Materials | Stimulus | Sustained-Release Time | Proposed Application and Administration Route | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) |  |
Poly(organophosphazenes) substituted by α-amino-ω-methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) (AMPEG), L-isoleucine ethyl ester (IleOEt) and glycyl lactate ethyl ester (GlyLacOEt) | Temp. | 35 days | Breast cancer, intratumoral injection | [109] |
| Camptothecin (CPT) |  |
Poly(D,L-lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide) P(D,L-LA)-PEG-P(D,L-LA) triblock copolymer, hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) | Temp. | 15 days | Breast cancer, post-resection injection | [103] |
| Docetaxel (DTX) |  |
Star-liked block copolymer based on poly(ɛ-caprolactone)-b-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (HAPs-g-PCL-b-PNIPAAm) | Temp, pH | 222 h | Intravenous injection | [56] |
| Doxorubicin (DOX) |  |
PNIPAAm-DOX hydrogel loaded into PEG-2,4,6-trimethoxybenzylidenepentaerythritol carbonate (PEG-PTMBPEC) polymersomes | Temp, pH | 144 h | Intravenous or intratumoral injection | [194] |
| PNIPAAm-b-poly(L-alanine) (PNIPAAm-b-PAla) | Temp. | >20h | Intravenous injection | [55] | ||
| PCL, PEG and sulfamethazine (PCL-PEG-SM) copolymer | pH | 4 weeks | HCC, transcatheter arterial chemoembolization agent | [139] | ||
| Acrylate-PEG-GGGPQG↓IWGQGK–PEG-acrylate conjugates, PEG-diacrylate conjugates and acrylate-PEG-RGDS conjugates-coated MIONPs | MMP | 4 days | Intravenous injection | [189] | ||
| Oligo(PEG) fumarate and sodium methacrylate | pH | 14 days | Intravenous injection | [195] | ||
| SPIONs coated with poly-(NIPAAm-stat-AAm)-block-PEI | AMF, Temp. | 96 ha | Intravenous injection | [196] | ||
| Embelin |  |
Triblock copolymer of poly(ε-caprolactone-co-1,4,8-trioxa[4.6]spiro-9-undecanone)–poly(ethylene glycol)–poly(ε-caprolactone-co-1,4,8-trioxa[4.6]spiro-9- undecanone) (PECT) | Temp. | 21 days | HCC, peritumoral injection | [101] |
| Paclitaxel (PTX) |  |
Pluronic® P104 copolymerized with MMP-sensitive octapeptide | MMP, Temp. | 2–13 daysb | Intratumor injection | [197] |
| PCL-PEG-PCL | Temp, pH | 30 days | Intratumor injection | [198] | ||
| Paclitaxel and doxorubicin hydrochloride (PTX, DOX∙HCL) | PECT | Temp. | 30 days | Peritumoral injection | [199] | |
| 90Y (radiopharmaceutical) | Poly(Pluronic F-127/polyhydroxybutarate) diol/poly(propylene glycol) poly(F127/PHB/PPG urethane) | Temp. | HCC, intratumor injection | [60] | ||
| Tamoxifen citrate (TMC) |  |
Niosomes incorporated in poloxamer 407/poloxamer 188 | Temp. | 168 h | Breast cancer, intratumor injection | [58] |
Notes: a%cumulative release is strongly temperature-dependent. bDepending on the MMP concentration.