Fig. 1.

Methods. Experimental setup: Two groups underwent 20 min of backwards locomotion training (BLT) with concurrent sham or anodal transcutaneous spinal direct current stimulation (tsDCS), applied over T-11/12 (red rectangle) and cathode electrode placed over the right shoulder (black rectangle). A: one day of BLT training, B: Training over three consecutive days. 24 h test in panel A was the same behavioral determination as Test Pre-Training on Day 2 in panel B. EMG indicates the timing of soleus H-reflex testing, at baseline, immediately after, and 30 min post-training on Days 1–3. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)