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. 2020 Jan 14;88(1):77–84. doi: 10.1038/s41390-019-0728-6

Table 1.

Behaviors of opioid withdrawal.

Behavior Description Scoring
Paw movement Continuous movement of the paws without walking 1 point for every occurrence
Rolling Turning the body over (to a side or complete roll) 1 point for every occurrence
Stretch Extension or dorsal flexion of the trunk; elongation of the extremities 1 point for every occurrence. If unsure stretch vs curl, point given to stretch. Do not double count
Body curls Ventral or lateral flexion of the trunk 1 point for every occurrence. See above
Mild tremors Lateral head shakes 1 tally for every tremor. Scaled scoring: 0–2 tallies = score of 1; 3–5 tallies = score of 2; 6–8 tallies = score of 3; 9+ tallies = score of 4
Severe tremors Full body shakes 1 tally for every tremor. Scaled scoring: 0–2 tallies = score of 1; 3–5 tallies = score of 2; 6–8 tallies = score of 3; 9+ tallies = score of 4

Adapted from Barr et al.29,33,34