TABLE 2.

List of selective studies using inorganic nanoparticles for the delivery of therapeutics to repair infarcted myocardial tissue.

Nanoparticles/size (nm)	Therapeutic agents	MI Model	Dose/administration route	Results	References
Graphene/30–40	VEGF	Rat, acute	300 μL, intramyocardial	Reduced infarct size, improved capillary density and cardiac performance	Paul et al., 2014
OPF/graphene oxide hydrogel	-	Rat, acute	100 μL, intramyocardial	Improved load-dependent ejection fraction/fractional shortening of heart function	Zhou J. et al., 2018
Graphene oxide complex/150	IL-4 pDNA	Mouse, acute	50 μL, intramyocardial	Attenuated inflammation, mitigated fibrosis and improved heart function	Han et al., 2018
Graphene oxide	Mesenchymal stem cell	Rat, I/R	One million MSCs	Improved the engraftment and therapeutic efficacy of MSCs, which promoted cardiac tissue repair and cardiac function	Park et al., 2015
Gold/10	PEG coated	Mouse, acute	100 μl/day, intravenous, 7 days	Decreased infarct size, improved systolic functions, inhibited cardiac fibrosis, no effect on apoptosis and hypertrophy	Tian et al., 2018
Copper/90–150	Cu	Rat, I/R	1 mg/kg/day, p.o.	Diminished oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis, reduced infarct size	Sharma et al., 2018
Gold/50	Au	Rat, acute	(400 μg/kg/day) intravenous, 14 days	Improved myocardial injury	Ahmed et al., 2017
Cerium oxide/4–6	Ceria	Isoproterenol induced MI rat	(0.5 and 5 mg/kg/week), Intraperitonial, 5 weeks	Provided prophylactic effect against cardiac toxicity	El Shaer et al., 2017
Graphene oxide gold nanosheets (GO-Au)	chitosan-GO-Au scaffold	Rat, acute	5×2 mm scaffold	Improved the cardiac contractility and restored ventricular functions	Saravanan et al., 2018