TABLE 4.

Advantages and disadvantages of different nanoparticles for the delivery of therapeutics to repair infarcted myocardial tissue.

Type	Advantages	Disadvantages	References
Lipid-based NPs	Increased penetration and/or permeation, Biocompatible and biodegradable nature, Easy and scalable production process, Increased drug solubility, Possibility of specific follicular targeting, Good stability during storage period.	Loss of high amounts of drug, Lack of robust controlled drug release, Burst drug release may induce toxic effects, Macrophage drug clearance (rapid clearance).	Ghasemiyeh and Mohammadi-Samani, 2018
Dendrimers	Ease of fabrication, targeting ability, potential for repeat administration, low immune response and precise controllability of the functionality.	Great batch-to-batch variability and deterioration, the attachment of multiple molecules can often result in a population of conjugates with a wide distribution of the number of ligands.	Pearson et al., 2012
Carbon Nanotubes	Extremely small and lightweight, Resources required are plentiful, Resistant to temperature changes, Highly flexible and elastic, and Improve conductive mechanical properties.	Still don’t understand how they work, Difficult to work with, Toxic qualities, Lack of solubility in most solvents, Susceptibility to oxidative environments, Difficulty in maintaining high quality and minimal impurities.	Pitroda et al., 2016
Metal Nanoparticles	Strong plasma absorption, Biological system imaging, Determine chemical information on metallic nanoscale substrate.	Instability, impurity, explosion and safety concerns (Toxicity),	Harish et al., 2018