Table 1.
Clinical features of migraine patients in the training and test set.
| Training | Test | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, N (%) | 0.513 | |||
| Male | 96 (17.7) | 46 (19.7) | ||
| Female | 447 (82.3) | 188 (80.3) | ||
| Menopausal status | 0.235 | |||
| Pre | 327 (73.2) | 146 (77.7) | ||
| Post | 120 (26.8) | 42 (22.3) | ||
| Age at menarche | 12.2 ± 1.2 | 12.2 ± 1.4 | 0.875 | |
| Age (Years), Mean ± SD (range) | 41.5 ± 13.2 (13–78) | 39.5 ± 12.5 (17–71) | 0.052 | |
| BMI, Mean ± SD (range) | 23.9 ± 3.8 (17.0–46.8) | 23.7 ± 3.6 (15.0–36.5) | 0.623 | |
| Age of onset (Years), Mean ± SD (range) | 19.9 ± 11.0 (3–73) | 19.9 ± 10.7 (4–62) | 0.970 | |
| Length of chronicization (Years), Median (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–5) | 0.768 | |
| Type of migraine, N (%) | 0.092 | |||
| Chronic | 139 (25.6) | 48 (20.5) | ||
| Episodic without aura | 287 (52.9) | 114 (48.8) | ||
| Menstrual migraine, N (%)* | 181 (40.5) | 92 (39.3) | ||
| Episodic with aura | 85 (15.6) | 54 (23.1) | ||
| Cluster headache | 11 (2.0) | 9 (3.8) | 0.811 | |
| Tension-type headache | 21 (3.9) | 9 (3.8) | 0.990 | |
| Familiarity, N (%) | 383 (70.8) | 168 (72.4) | 0.648 | |
| Frequency (days/months), Median (IQR) | 7 (3–15) | 5 (2–10) | 0.002 | |
| Pain Localization, N (%) | 0.377 | |||
| Unilateral | 357 (65.8) | 146 (62.4) | ||
| Unilateral or bilateral | 4 (0.7) | 2 (0.8) | ||
| Bilateral | 182 (33.5) | 86 (36.8) | ||
| Unilateral cranial autonomic symptoms, N (%) | 242 (44.6) | 103 (44.0) | 0.887 | |
| Dopaminergic symptoms, N (%) | 173 (31.9) | 63 (26.9) | 0.509 | |
| Comorbidities, N (%) | ||||
| neuropsychiatric | 167 (30.8) | 65 (27.8) | 0.397 | |
| cardiovascular | 61 (11.3) | 22 (9.4) | 0.439 | |
| endocrine-metabolic | 83 (15.4) | 30 (12.8) | 0.356 | |
| Treatment, N (%) | ||||
| Type of medication | 0.009 | |||
| Triptans | 140 (25.8) | 71 (30.3) | ||
| NSAID | 165 (30.4) | 74 (31.6) | ||
| Triptans + NSAID | 178 (32.8) | 51 (21.9) | ||
| Other | 60 (11.1) | 38 (16.2) | ||
| Response to triptans | 280 (88.0) | 104 (85.3) | 0.523 | |
| Use of prophylaxis | 304 (56.0) | 112 (47.9) | 0.087 | |
| Medication overuse | ||||
| Overusing patients, N (%) | 127 (23.4) | 35 (15.0) | 0.010 | |
| Abused Drug, N (%) | ||||
| Triptans | 38 (29.9) | 9 (25.7) | 0.437 | |
| NSAIDs ± combination medications | 19 (15.0) | 7 (20.0) | ||
| Combination medications | 64 (50.4) | 15 (42.9) | ||
| Others | 8 (6.3) | 2 (5.7) | ||
| Quantity of abused drug (tablets/month) | 34 ± 29 | 33 ± 26 | 0.724 | |
| Overuse duration (Years), Median (IQR) | 2 (1–4) | 2 (1–4) | 0.439 | |
BMI: body mass index; NSAID: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; IQR: interquartile range.
*p = 0.847 for subgroup analysis.