Table 5.
Differences in average values for general dietary behaviours, smoking, and physical activity practiced per week, and daily sleeping hours of the study participants.
| Variable |
Cases n = 96 |
Controls n = 96 |
P-Value∗ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of meals/day | |||
| Less than 3 meals | 33 (34.4%) | 23 (24%) | 0.20 |
| Three meals | 52 (54.2%) | 64 (66.7%) | |
| More than 3 meals | 11 (11.5%) | 9 (9.48%) | |
| Alcohol intake (regular intake) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | NA |
| Caffeine intake (≥400 mg/day) | 11 (11.5%) | 28 (29.5%) | P = 0.003∗ |
| Smoking | 35 (37.2%) | 10 (10.4%) | P = 0.001∗ |
| Vigorous intensity PA (minutes/day) | 3.23 ± 14.16 | 12.84 ± 29.39 | P = 0.004∗ |
| Vigorous intensity (times/week) | 0.22 ± 1.13 | 0.91 ± 1.88 | P = 0.002∗ |
| Moderate intensity PA (minutes/day) | 4.43 ± 13.47 | 6.04 ± 19.67 | P = 0.508 |
| Moderate intensity (times/week) | 0.74 ± 2.04 | 0.52 ± 1.63 | P = 0.412 |
| Light intensity PA (minutes/day) | 23.28 ± 31.01 | 29.32 ± 26.39 | P = 0.148 |
| Light intensity PA (times/week) | 2.66 ± 2.78 | 4.21 ± 2.75 | P = 0.001∗ |
| Sitting (minutes/day) | 228.35 ± 169.85 | 96.62 ± 94.44 | P = 0.001∗ |
| Sitting intensity (times/week) | 6.94 ± 0.61 | 5.5 ± 2.28 | P = 0.001∗ |
| Vigorous intensity PA (MET minutes/week) | 103.33 ± 542.73 | 374.83 ± 1004.93 | P = 0.021∗ |
| Moderate intensity PA (MET minutes/week) | 138.93 ± 462.53 | 150.96 ± 540.16 | P = 0.869 |
| Light intensity PA (MET minutes/week) | 378.98 ± 628.48 | 508.75 ± 494.82 | P = 0.114 |
| Total PA (MET minutes/week) | 621.25 ± 1013.91 | 1034.55 ± 1385.72 | P = 0.019 |
| Total MET activity categories | |||
| Inactive | 65 (67.71%) | 47 (48.96%) | P = 0.023 |
| Minimally active | 26 (27.08%) | 44 (45.83%) | |
| Hyper? active | 5 (5.21%) | 5 (5.21%) | |
∗Significant P < 0.05.
PA = Physical activity.
MET = Metabolic Equivalent Task.