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. 2020 Jan;18(1):14–33. doi: 10.2174/1570159X17666190717150501

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© 2020 Bentham Science Publishers

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Fig. (2) — Hypothalamic targets in primary hypertension. Left: axonal projections of VP/OT neurons to neurohypophysis, rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and intermediolateral column (IML) of the spinal cord in dual, peripheral and central control of vascular resistance and the kidneys. Right: molecules implicated in dysregulation of VP/OT neurons. V1aR: vasopressin V1a receptor; OTR: oxytocin receptor; αAR: alpha adrenergic receptor; βAR: beta adrenergic receptor; AT1R: angiotensin II receptor type 1; MR: mineralocorticoid receptor; NMDA: N-methyl-d-aspartate synaptic receptors, eNMDA: extra-synaptic NMDA receptors; TLR-4: toll-like receptor type 4; NKCC1: Na⁺-K⁺-2Cl⁻cotransporter isoform 1; KCC2: K⁺-Cl^- co-transporter isotype 2; OX1R: orexin type 1 receptor; GLT1: glutamate transporter type 1; BDNF: brain-derived neurotrophic factor.