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. 2019 Mar 21;104(8):3345–3354. doi: 10.1210/jc.2018-02536

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

HbA1c in relation to cardiovascular, cancer, and other mortality among participants with diabetes. (a) Association between HbA1c and cardiovascular mortality among participants with diabetes. (b) Association between HbA1c and cancer mortality among participants with diabetes. (c) Association between HbA1c and other mortality among participants with diabetes. HR (solid red lines) and 95% CIs (dashed black lines) from Cox models with penalized splines. Multivariate analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race, BMI, education level, smoking, drinking, cognitive function scores, CES-D scores, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, psychiatric problems, C-reactive protein, and total cholesterol. The levels of HbA1c associated with the lowest risk of cardiovascular, cancer, and other mortality were used as references (6.53%, 6.03%, and 6.59%, respectively). The bar chart indicates the distribution of HbA1c levels among participants with diabetes. df, degrees of freedom.