Table 3.
Crude Least Squared Mean Sperm Parameters by Obesity Status, Ethnicity, and Race (n = 128).
|
Significant values bolded
|
Concentration (millions/mL)
|
Motility (percentage)
|
Normal morphology (percentage)
|
Total sperm count (millions/ejaculate)
|
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictor | Meana/Est (95% CI) | p value | Mean/Est (95% CI) | p value | Mean/Est (95% CI) | p value | Mean/Est (95% CI) | p value |
| Obesity status/BMI | ||||||||
| Nonobeseb (Ref) | 70.8 (60.3, 81.4) | Ref | 62.4 (58.0, 66.9) | Ref | 3.0 (2.5, 3.4) | Ref | 210.9 (169.5, 252.4) | Ref |
| Obese | 66.1 (54.9, 77.4) | 0.55 | 53.7 (48.9, 58.4) | 0.009 | 2.9 (2.5, 3.4) | 0.98 | 178.7 (134.6, 223.0) | 0.30 |
| Unit increase in BMI | −0.7 (–1.7, 0.3) | 0.18 | –0.5 (–0.9, –0.1) | 0.01 | −0.001 (–0.04, 0.04) | 0.93 | –4.9 (–8.7, –1.1) | 0.01 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||||
| Non-Hispanic (Ref) | 68.2 (60.1, 76.3) | Ref | 59.4 (56.1, 62.6) | Ref | 2.9 (2.6, 3.2) | Ref | 202.5 (168.5, 236.3) | Ref |
| Hispanic | 78.4 (55.8, 101.0) | 0.40 | 67.3 (58.3, 76.3) | 0.10 | 4.2 (3.4, 5.1) | 0.005 | 246.4 (151.9, 340.9) | 0.39 |
| Race | ||||||||
| White (Ref) | 80.4 (60.5, 100.2) | Ref | 61.9 (57.6, 66.3) | Ref | 3.0 (2.6, 3.4) | Ref | 239.5 (201.2, 277.9) | Ref |
| Black | 44.4 (30.1, 58.3) | 0.002 | 46.5 (53.0, 70.1) | 0.01 | 2.4 (1.8, 3.0) | — | 87.3 (33.1, 141.5) | <0.0001 |
| Other | 78.8 (68.7, 88.9) | 0.99 | 61.5 (40.3, 53.6) | 0.99 | 2.9 (2.1, 3.8) | — | 221.2 (145.7, 296.7 | 0.90 |
| p value (variable) | — | 0.002 | — | 0.0003 | — | 0.24 | — | <0.0001 |
Note. Est = estimate; CI = confidence interval; BMI = body mass index; Ref = reference.
a
Least squared mean.
b
BMI<30 kg/m2.