Table 1.

Primers sequences and PCR protocols used in this study

Protocols	Temperature cycling	Marker	Sequence (5–3′)	Amplicons size (bp)	References
1st	35 cycles at 94 °C for 30 s, 58 °C for 90 s and 72 °C for 90 s	16 s rRNA	F. ATTTGAAGAGGTTGCAAACGAT R.TTCACTCTGAATTTTCTTGTGTTC	130	[38]
2nd	30 cycles at 94 °C for 30 s, 60 °C for 45 s, and 72 °C for 60 s	mrkD	F. AAGCTATCGCTGTACTTCCGGCA R. GGCGTTGGCGCTCAGATAGG	340	a [39]
		entB	F. GTCAACTGGGCCTTTGAGCCGTC R. TATGGGCGTAAACGCCGGTGAT	400
		rmpA	F. CATAAGAGTATTGGTTGACAG R. CTTGCATGAGCCATCTTTCA	461
		K2	F. CAACCATGGTGGTCGATTAG R. TGGTAGCCATATCCCTTTGG	531
		kfu	F. GGCCTTTGTCCAGAGCTACG R. GGGTCTGGCGCAGAGTATGC	638
		magA	F. GGTGCTCTTTACATCATTGC R. GCAATGGCCATTTGCGTTAG	1283
3rd	35 cycles at 94 °C for 20 s, 56 °C for 10 s, 72 °C for 20 s	NDM	F. GGTTTGGCGATCTGGTTTTC R. CGGAATGGCTCATCACGATC	521	[39, 40] (Mushi et al. 2014) [17, 37]
		IMP	F. TTGACACTCCATTTACAG R. GATTGAGAATTAAGCCACTCT	232
4th	35 cycles at 94 °C for 45 s, 52 °C for 1 min, and 72 °C for 1 min	KPC	F. CATTCAAGGGCTTTCTTGCTGC R. ACGACGGCATAGTCATTTGC	498
		OXA-48	F. GCTTGATCGCCCTCGATT R. GATTTGCTCCGTGGCCGAAA	281

s second, F Forward, R Reverse, bp base pair

^aAnnealing time changed from 90 s to 45 s